50 papers
Obstetrics and gynecology encompasses the vital care of women's health throughout life, from reproductive wellness and pregnancy to menopause and beyond. This dynamic field explores the complex biological processes of childbirth, the prevention of diseases affecting female reproductive organs, and the latest advancements in maternal safety. It is a discipline deeply rooted in both immediate clinical impact and long-term public health strategies.
On Gist.Science, we continuously monitor medRxiv for the newest preprints in this category, ensuring you have instant access to cutting-edge research before formal publication. Our team processes every new submission to provide both detailed technical summaries and clear, plain-language explanations, making these complex studies understandable for everyone from specialists to curious readers.
Below are the latest papers in obstetrics and gynecology, offering fresh insights into the future of women's healthcare.
This cross-sectional study of 181 women at Mulago STI Clinic in Uganda found that while vaginal steaming is prevalent (40.3%) and associated with prior vaginal issues and contraceptive use, it does not significantly alter the presence of bacterial vaginosis compared to non-practitioners.
This qualitative phenomenological study of sixteen women at Uganda's Kawempe National Referral Hospital reveals that while emergency post-abortion care is primarily evaluated through the lens of survival, the experience is profoundly shaped by a complex interplay of intense pain, fear, dignity violations, and structural barriers that necessitate a shift toward patient-centred approaches integrating clinical effectiveness with respectful communication and comprehensive support.
This prospective cohort study demonstrates that Group B streptococcus (GBS) screening performed at the time of antepartum hospital admission for preterm pregnancy complications has a negative predictive value of 91.5% for GBS colonization status at the time of preterm delivery, a result comparable to that of routine screening at term.
This study establishes a standardized time-lapse imaging database and a gradient boosting ensemble framework that successfully integrates continuous zygote morphokinetic parameters with conventional embryo assessment grades, achieving superior predictive performance (AUC 0.78) compared to models using either data modality alone.
This retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh reveals that while early-onset preeclampsia is associated with significantly worse perinatal outcomes, including a markedly higher risk of stillbirth and neonatal complications compared to late-onset preeclampsia, it does not independently predict adverse maternal outcomes.
This retrospective cohort study of 1,822 cesarean sections in Hokkaido, Japan, found that higher-level obstetric facilities, particularly perinatal medical centers and general hospitals, were associated with significantly lower maternal complication rates compared to clinics, supporting the need for regional consolidation of obstetric care.
This prospective comparative study conducted in India demonstrates that while both mifepristone-misoprostol and Foley's catheter-misoprostol regimens are safe and effective for inducing labour in cases of intrauterine fetal death beyond 24 weeks, the mifepristone-primed approach offers significant advantages by shortening the induction-to-delivery interval, reducing misoprostol requirements, and substantially decreasing procedural pain.
This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that proteomic analysis of amniotic fluid extracellular vesicles reveals distinct inflammatory, immune, and neurodevelopmental protein signatures in fetuses with severe congenital cytomegalovirus infection, providing a foundation for future hypothesis-driven research into fetal pathophysiology.
The EASE-OUT feasibility trial demonstrated that a multicentre, double-blind randomised controlled trial comparing halved versus routine-concentration oxytocin infusions during active labour for women undergoing induction is feasible in real-world maternity settings, achieving successful recruitment, randomisation, and high data completeness without observed safety concerns.
This study evaluates North Carolina's Medicaid Pregnancy Medical Home program and finds that while its prenatal risk screening effectively identifies risks for adverse neonatal outcomes, it poorly predicts adverse maternal events, highlighting a critical need to center maternal health alongside neonatal outcomes in public health programming.