📄 medicine

From Reflexive Thematic Analysis to Soft Systems Methodology: an approach to translating expert perspectives into implementation design in South African HIV therapies

本文提出了一个将反思性主题分析法与软系统方法论相结合的方法论框架,旨在将专家关于南非长效注射类抗逆转录病毒疗法的定性见解,转化为结构化的、具有可操作性的实施设计(例如用于复杂公共卫生系统的概念模型和可衡量指标)。

Monica Steyn, Alan Gillies, Gerardo Fernandez2026-06-30
📄 medicine

Emergency Department Presentations of Pediatric Patients With Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts: Is Every Presentation a Shunt Malfunction?

这项针对160例脑室腹腔分流术后患儿的回顾性研究显示,大多数(73.1%)在急诊科就诊的患者所患急性病症与分流器功能障碍无关,这表明对所有此类病例进行常规颅脑CT扫描和神经外科会诊可能是不必要的,并使儿童暴露于可避免的辐射之中。

Atakan Besnek, Mehmet Kılıç, Bahri Ünal, Ümit Zeydoğlu, Barış Erdoğan2026-06-30
📄 medicine

Impacts of smartphone use on physical, psychological, and social health among older adults: an empirical analysis from the adult‑child observational perspective

基于对161名中国成年子女的调查,这项研究表明,尽管智能手机在老年群体中的普及率近乎全民化,但过度且无节制的利用造成了身体、心理及社会健康问题的复合风险,且仅靠家庭干预无法解决,因此有必要采取多方利益相关者的协同响应。

Haijiao Zhang, Xiaohao Chen, Mei Gan, Jing Tan, Yunxia Tu, Tao Jiang, Lihong Jia, Changfu Hu2026-06-30
📄 medicine

Baseline gene expression and dynamic endocrine therapy use in ER+ breast cancer: associations with recurrence in a real-world cohort

这项研究表明,在真实世界的 ER+ 乳腺癌患者队列中,特定的基线基因表达谱仅与接受选择性雌激素受体调节剂治疗的患者的复发风险相关,而更换内分泌治疗疗法主要由不耐受性而非肿瘤生物学驱动。

Veronica Jones, Yongzhe Wang, Christine Quinones, Dana Aljaber, Eva Nelson, Aritro Nath, Irene Kang, Hope Rugo, Lisa Yee (…)2026-06-30
📄 medicine

Circulating bile acids are related to an adverse cardiometabolic profile and higher blood pressure in middle-aged adults

在一项针对久坐不动的中年成年人的研究中,发现循环胆汁酸水平升高与不良的心血管代谢特征和较高的血压相关,且这些关系因性别而异,并部分由身体成分(特别是瘦体重和内脏脂肪)的差异所解释。

Víctor Manuel López-Espinosa, Carmen Rodríguez-García, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Francisco J. Osun (…)2026-06-29
📄 medicine

Rigid Muscle Synergies Recruitment and Activation in People with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

这项横断面研究表明,慢性腰痛患者在进行体力活动时表现出僵硬且破碎的肌肉协同征募模式,这种模式与运动表现下降相关,但与疼痛水平无关,这表明恢复运动复杂性而非仅仅针对疼痛,对于有效的康复至关重要。

Dhananjaya Sutanto, Fung Ting Kwok, Vincent C.K. Cheung, Stephen H.S. Wong, Yijian Yang2026-06-29
📄 medicine

Evaluation of Lens Parameters Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography for Zonular Weakness Risk in Cataract Surgery

这项前瞻性研究表明,术前前节光学相干断层扫描可以识别白内障手术患者的晶状体悬韧带弱化风险,其中缩小的晶状体前表面半径(≤ 8.58 mm)可预测轻度至重度弱化,而显著的晶状体离中心程度(≥ 0.25 mm)则特异性地提示重度弱化。

Tatsuaki Amari, Suguru Nakagawa, Kiyoshi Isii2026-06-29
📄 medicine

Machine Learning for Predicting Pediatric Mortality After Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Harnessing the Complex Predictive Power of Accessible Inflammatory Markers

本研究表明,利用易于获取的炎症标志物(如全血细胞计数参数和C反应蛋白)构建的集成机器学习模型,能够准确预测儿科患者在经体外循环手术后的30天死亡率,且SHAP分析显示低血小板计数和矛盾的低C反应蛋白水平是关键的风险指标。

Ekaterine Apostolos Dagios, Felipe Yu Matsushita, Andressa Almeida de Noronha, Carolina Vieira de Campos, Paula Vieira d (…)2026-06-29