📄 医学

Comparative Predictive Value of Pre-hospital and In-hospital Delays for Acute Gangrenous or Perforated Appendicitis: Analysis Using LASSO Regression and Restricted Cubic Splines

本研究表明,与院内延迟相比,院前延迟是坏疽性或穿孔性阑尾炎更优的独立预测因子,且风险在症状出现后24小时呈非线性上升,从而为临床分诊和风险分层提供依据。

Yuliang Hong, Zebin Chen, Jie Su, Luping Zhuang, Jianming Zheng, Kunpeng Yang, Jiayi Yang, Qiuxian Chen, Lisheng Cai, Yu (…)2026-10-22
📄 医学

Improvement in Liver Function Tests in a Male Patient with Primary Biliary Cholangitis Following Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT): Case Report

本病例报告描述了首次在原发性胆汁性胆管炎男性患者中实施粪便微生物移植(FMT)的情况,证明该程序成功恢复了肠道微生物多样性,并在未使用熊去氧胆酸的情况下诱导了肝功能检查指标的持续改善。

Kathleen Hui Xin Ong, Hao Xing Lai, Elicia Yan Tong See, Shiang Chiet Tan, Jeannie Xue Ting Lee, Jimmy Wai Heng Phoo, Jo (…)2026-10-22
📄 医学

Decreased under 5 mortality and improved in-hospital clinical care after ETAT+ training and implementation at a pediatric emergency unit in Eastern Uganda: a quasi- experimental study

一项在东乌干达进行的准实验研究表明,ETAT+ 培训与实施显著改善了五岁以下儿童的急诊临床护理记录并缩短了住院时长,尽管并未观察到死亡率在统计学意义上的显著降低。

Joan Wamulugwa, Faith Oguttu, Ritah Nantale, Joel Okwir, Julian Abeso, Martin Chebet, Alain Nyalihama, John Obbo, Esther (…)2026-10-22
📄 医学

Two decades of changing Enterococcus epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility in a Brazilian tertiary university hospital, 2002–2023

这项对巴西一家三级医院进行的 22 年回顾性研究表明,虽然粪肠球菌(*Enterococcus faecalis*)仍是主要的菌种,但粪肠球菌(*Enterococcus faecium*)与严重后果和耐药性有着不成比例的联系,且两种菌种都显示出令人担忧的抗生素耐药性上升趋势,特别是粪肠球菌(*E. faecalis*)的万古霉素耐药性,这强调了加强监测和感染控制的紧迫需求。

Stefani Lino Cardim, Anna Paula Silva Olak, Deisy Mara Lima de Oliveira Aurora, Edvaldo Rodrigues de Oliveira Junior, Li (…)2026-10-22
📄 医学

Development and external evaluation of a routine laboratory-based three-ratio score for in- hospital mortality in older critically ill patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a MIMIC-IV and eICU study

本研究表明,一种由四项常规实验室测量值推导出的新型三比率评分(TRS-3),能够显著预测患有动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的高龄重症患者的住院死亡率,并在 MIMIC-IV 和 eICU 队列中均提供了超越标准临床模型的增量预后价值。

Shiwen Cui, Xiaoyi Yao, Xiang Zhou, Yi Tao, Liuyin Zhou, Yanqiong Xue, Weiqiong Chen2026-10-22
📄 医学

Association of as-needed (pro re nata) hypnotic administration frequency with hypnotic polypharmacy at discharge among hospitalized patients with depression: a retrospective observational study

这项针对住院抑郁症患者的回顾性研究发现,住院期间按需(PRN)使用催眠药物的频率较高,与出院时使用多种催眠药物具有独立的关联性,这表明监测按需使用情况有助于识别治疗难治性并指导适当的处方。

Kohei Shimoyama, Yuki Hanai, Hiromi Tagata, Takuya Yokoo, Hayato Ohashi, Hayato Otani, Koichi Aoyama, Takahiro Nemoto, T (…)2026-10-22
📄 医学

Determinants of isoniazid preventive therapy among people living with HIV in Kasaï-Oriental Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study

这项针对刚果民主共和国开赛-东方省 1,176 名艾滋病毒感染者的横断面研究显示,异烟肼预防性治疗的摄入率极低且完成率几近于零,并指出居住在城市、特定的抗逆转录病毒疗法方案、较早的临床阶段以及积极的护理参与是启动治疗的关键预测因素,同时强调了加强服务整合与供应链建设的紧迫需求。

Désiré Baloji, Liza Ndelela, Georges Ntambwe, Emmanuel Biaya, Benoit Kazadi, Criss Koba Mjumbe, Bertin Mukuna Nyembo, Ph (…)2026-10-22