Hematology explores the fascinating world of blood, investigating the cells and proteins that keep our bodies oxygenated and protected from infection. This field delves into everything from how red and white blood cells function to the complex mechanisms behind clotting and immune responses, offering vital insights into conditions ranging from anemia to blood cancers. By understanding these microscopic processes, researchers can develop life-saving treatments for disorders that affect millions globally.

On Gist.Science, we bring these critical discoveries directly to you by monitoring every new preprint published in this category on medRxiv. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries, ensuring that complex findings are understandable without losing scientific rigor. Below are the latest papers in hematology, curated to help you stay ahead of the curve in this dynamic area of medical research.

Interindividual HLA Evolutionary Divergence in Single HLA-Mismatched Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Malignant Hematological Disorders: A Report on Behalf of the Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT

This study demonstrates that quantifying HLA evolutionary divergence (HED) in 9/10 mismatched unrelated donor transplants reveals significant within-mismatch heterogeneity and complex, locus-specific interactions that independently predict clinical outcomes such as relapse-free survival, graft-versus-host disease, and mortality, thereby complementing conventional mismatch classification.

Pagliuca, S., Mooyaart, J. E., Ayuk, F., Zeiser, R., Potter, V., Dreger, P., Bethge, W., Hilgendorf, I., Michonneau, D., Rambaldi, A., Sengeloev, H., Passweg, J., Richardson, D., Gedde-Dahl, T., Kinse (…)2026-03-02📄 hematology

Development and Internal Validation of the AB-IPI using Bootstrapping: A Clinicopathological Prognostic Score Integrating Host Fitness and Tumor Biology in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

This study develops and internally validates the AB-IPI, a novel prognostic score integrating host fitness (albumin), tumor burden (IPI), and tumor biology (BCL2) to improve risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making for R-CHOP-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients beyond the limitations of the standard IPI.

Sakata, N., Tanaka, Y., Naganuma, K., Takahashi, Y., Momose, S., Higashi, M., Tabayashi, T.2026-02-19📄 hematology