Latest papers

Agronomic Performance and Genotype by Environment Interaction of Hybrid Maize Across Different Land Typologies in South Sulawesi

This study evaluated the agronomic performance and genotype-by-environment interaction of ten hybrid maize varieties across two contrasting land typologies in South Sulawesi, revealing that environmental conditions significantly influenced key growth traits while genotype effects were non-significant, thereby highlighting the dominance of environmental factors in determining maize performance in the region.

Vita Aprilia -, Muhammad Azrai -, Asmiaty Sahur2026-07-31

📄 agriculture

BYPredictor: A Biologically Inspired Deep Learning Framework for Accurate Crop Yield Forecasting

This paper introduces BYPredictor, a biologically inspired deep learning framework featuring a novel Ecological Interaction Learning Layer that models complex environmental relationships to achieve superior crop yield forecasting accuracy (R² = 0.776) compared to standard baselines on a large-scale FAO dataset.

Abdulbaset Musleh, Sultan ALahmari2026-07-31

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🔭 astro-ph — 56 papers

🔭 astrophysics

A search for HI absorption in distant star-forming galaxies with ASKAP-FLASH - II. Direct observations and stacking of 21 cm line

Using ASKAP-FLASH, this study reports a new HI 21 cm absorption detection in a radio galaxy at z=0.863 and presents tentative stacked signals for associated star-forming galaxies dependent on source brightness and covering factors, while finding no significant difference in absorption rates between star-forming and general radio sources at 0.4 < z < 1.0.

Sophie L. Eden, Elaine M. Sadler, Kevin A. Pimbblet, Stephen J. Curran, Julia Healy, Filippo M. Maccagni, Elizabeth K. M (…)2026-07-31

🔭 astrophysics

A study of the large-scale formation in the environment of A3266: Infalling groups, filaments, and a premerger cold front

Using X-ray data from the eROSITA survey and cosmological simulations, this study reveals that the dynamically active Abell 3266 cluster is embedded in a coherent network of infalling galaxy groups and filaments, specifically detecting a significant 3D X-ray filament connecting it to a cool-core neighboring group that exhibits properties consistent with gas processed by the cluster environment.

J. Dietl, A. Veronica, T. H. Reiprich, F. Pacaud, Y. Zhao, J. S. Sanders, B. Seidel, M. C. H. Yeung, K. Dolag, E. Gatuzz2026-07-31

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⚗️ biochemistry — 2 papers

⚗️ biochemistry

Dimerization and Threonine-Dependent Stabilization Govern Human YRDC Catalysis

This study elucidates that human YRDC functions as a dimer where L-threonine acts as a gatekeeper ligand to stabilize the enzyme and enhance ATP binding, revealing that disease-causing mutations disrupt this dimerization and conformational stability to impair catalytic activity.

Trinh, N. A. T., Zickuhr, G., Dickson, A. L., Sinowski, S., Hamill, C., Sundaramoorthy, R., Lebl, T., Shirran, S. L., Ha (…)2026-07-31

⚗️ biochemistry

MDA5 multimerization on LINE RNA drives pathogenic extracellular immune complexes in autoimmunity

This study reveals that in anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis, autoantibodies bind to LINE RNA-scaffolded MDA5 filaments to form pathogenic extracellular immune complexes that drive a self-amplifying inflammatory cycle through higher-order aggregation and potent innate immune activation.

Hsu, T. Y.-T., Wang, X., Zhang, J., Isayama, Y., Schindler, V., van Gompel, E., Maadadi, H., Torres-Arancivia, C., Shima (…)2026-07-31

💻 bioinformatics — 1 papers

💻 bioinformatics

DPCGS: a computational framework for linking GWAS to single-cell transcriptomics in complex traits and diseases

DPCGS is a novel computational framework that integrates GWAS summary statistics with single-cell RNA-sequencing data to achieve high-resolution mapping of genetic risk to specific cell subpopulations and regulatory programs, demonstrating superior accuracy over existing methods and providing new insights into the cellular mechanisms of complex diseases like Alzheimer's and asthma.

Liu, C., Yuan, B., Shen, B., Li, J., Zhu, R., Yang, P., Wu, B., Xuan, Y., Yang, S., Yang, N., Ma, L., Liu, Q., Dai, S. (…)2026-07-31

📄 cancer biology — 1 papers

📄 cancer biology

Targeting the NuRD Component, CHD4, Impairs Foxp3+ Treg Cell Production and Function and Promotes Anti-Tumor Immunity

This study demonstrates that the chromatin-remodeling protein CHD4 is essential for Foxp3+ Treg cell stability and function, and that its pharmacological inhibition selectively disrupts tumor-associated Tregs to enhance anti-tumor immunity without causing systemic autoimmunity.

Xiong, Y., Wang, L., Minisini, M., Kong, F., Di Giorgio, E., Akimova, T., Horman, S., Babic, I., Nurmemmedov, E., Hancoc (…)2026-07-31

📄 chemistry — 9 papers

📄 chemistry

Bimetallic porphyrin-based covalent organic framework with photo-enhanced oxidase-like activity for colorimetric determination of As(V) in rice samples

A newly synthesized bimetallic porphyrin-based covalent organic framework (Ptp-Fe/Co) exhibits photo-enhanced oxidase-like activity that enables a sensitive, selective, and rapid colorimetric method for detecting As(V) in rice samples with a low limit of detection.

Tianyue Peng, Xiaoke Qi, Xinguang Qin, Gang Liu, Haizhi Zhang2026-07-31

📄 chemistry

Ethyl substitution enhances field-induced polarization and lowers the C-Se dissociation threshold in selenols

This study demonstrates that ethyl substitution in selenols selectively lowers the C-Se dissociation threshold and enhances field-induced polarization compared to methyl substitution, thereby facilitating bond cleavage under oriented external electric fields.

Tang Pengjun, Qiu Siwei, Liu Yuzhu2026-07-31

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🔬 cond-mat — 30 papers

🔬 condensed matter

Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity on a fuzzy sphere

This paper demonstrates that non-commutativity on a fuzzy sphere enhances Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity by raising the critical temperature and inducing a linear-in-temperature normal fluid fraction, a behavior reminiscent of Uemura's law in high- $T_c$ superconductors.

Vira Shyta, Flavio S. Nogueira, Ashley M. Cook2026-07-31

🔬 condensed matter

Convergence to the exact kinetics of the one-dimensional Riviera model

This paper presents a systematic closure scheme for an infinite hierarchy of kinetic equations that yields an exceptionally accurate, rapidly converging analytical solution for the time-dependent kinetics and jamming density of the one-dimensional Riviera model, for which no exact solution was previously known.

Pascal Viot2026-07-31

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🔬 cond-mat.mes-hall — 6 papers

🔬 mesoscale physics

Current-based RF charge sensing in a carbon nanotube

This paper presents a novel current-mode charge sensor implemented in a suspended carbon nanotube that achieves state-of-the-art charge sensitivity and high-fidelity single-shot readout of a double quantum dot, overcoming the design constraints of traditional impedance-matched or proximity-based detection methods.

Marta Cagetti, Stefan Forstner, Victor Champain, Roger Tormo-Queralt, Christoffer B. Møller, Sergio L. De Bonis, Chandan (…)2026-07-31

🔬 mesoscale physics

Entropic signatures of the single-impurity Kondo state

This paper reports the first thermodynamic measurement of entropy suppression during Kondo singlet formation in a GaAs quantum dot, demonstrating that temperature-dependent charge sensing reveals an asymmetric lineshape characteristic of Kondo screening that aligns qualitatively with numerical renormalization group calculations.

Johann Drayne, Silvia Lüscher, Will Grant, Vahid Movahed, Tim Child, Saeed Fallahi, Geoffrey C. Gardner, Michael J. Manf (…)2026-07-31

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🔬 cond-mat.mtrl-sci — 18 papers

🔬 materials science

A Combined Microbeam and Phase-Field Approach to Identify the Toughness and Ultimate Strength of Amorphous Silica

This paper introduces a combined experimental and numerical approach using FIB-fabricated microbeams and phase-field modeling to simultaneously determine the intrinsic toughness ( $G_c$ ) and ultimate tensile strength ( $\sigma_c$ ) of amorphous silica, overcoming the limitations of conventional methods that typically yield only fracture toughness.

Gustavo Alberto Rosales-Sosa, Gergely Molnar, Yoshinari Kato, Taichi Nakashima, Takahito Ohmura, Etienne Barthel, Guilla (…)2026-07-31

🔬 materials science

A Universal Crystal-Field Design Principle for Orbital-Order-Driven Altermagnetism

This paper establishes a universal crystal-field design principle demonstrating that structural relaxation consistently activates a $d_{xz}/d_{yz}$ orbital manifold to drive robust, orbital-order-driven altermagnetism across transition-metal compounds, while a unified symmetry framework reveals how interlayer stacking dictates the resulting magnetic state and anisotropic spin-polarized conductivities.

Shantanu Pathak, Saswata Bhattacharya2026-07-31

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💻 cs — 201 papers

💻 computer science

A Comparative Study of Intrusion Detection Models for DDoS and Brute Force Attack Detection Using Public Cybersecurity Datasets

This study proposes a machine learning-based intrusion detection system using the CICIDS2017 dataset to detect DDoS and Brute Force attacks, demonstrating that the XGBoost algorithm outperforms Random Forest and ANN by achieving nearly 99.9975% accuracy and other key metrics.

Kazi Abdul Mannan, Md. Admir Hossin, Md. Soliman Ar Rafi2026-07-31

💻 computer science

A Controlled Benchmark of Raw Sequential Image Based Hybrid and Statistical Models for Representation Aware Anomaly Detection in Household Electricity Consumption Time Series

This study presents a controlled benchmark comparing raw sequential, image-based (GAF), hybrid, and statistical models for anomaly detection in household electricity consumption, finding that direct temporal modeling (Raw 1D-CNN) outperformed other approaches under synthetic perturbation protocols while emphasizing the need for cautious interpretation due to the dataset's single-household scope and lack of real-world fault annotations.

Şükrü Mustafa Kaya, alireza esmaili jobani2026-07-31

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💬 cs.CL — 42 papers

💬 NLP

(Towards) Scalable Reliable Automated Evaluation with Large Language Models

This paper introduces a scalable, domain-agnostic framework that leverages pairwise comparisons among multiple LLMs and an Elo rating system to generate reliable, expert-level evaluations of LLM outputs with adjustable confidence thresholds, significantly reducing the need for human intervention.

Bertil Braun, Martin Forell2026-07-31

💬 NLP

AHA-Memes: A Fine-Grained Multimodal Benchmark for Understanding Hate in Arabic Memes

This paper introduces AHA-Memes, the first large-scale, fine-grained Arabic hateful meme benchmark featuring 5,000 manually annotated examples and 66,000 silver-labeled memes, along with comprehensive evaluations of various multimodal models to address the underexplored challenges of detecting culturally grounded hate in Arabic online content.

Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi, Ali Ezzat Shahroor, Abul Hasnat, Md. Rafiul Biswas, Wajdi Zaghouani, Firoj Alam2026-07-31

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🤖 cs.LG — 65 papers

🤖 machine learning

$\beta$ -OPSD: Deriving with Policy Optimization, Training with Self-Distillation

This paper introduces $\beta$ -OPSD, a principled framework that generalizes on-policy self-distillation by treating the KL penalty weight $\beta$ as a tunable parameter, enabling efficient training via logit mixing to approximate the optimal policy interpolation between a reference model and a teacher while significantly improving stability and reasoning performance over vanilla OPSD.

Jiawei Xu, Minghui Liu, Juzheng Zhang, Tom Goldstein, Furong Huang2026-07-31

🤖 machine learning

A Montage-Agnostic Encoder for Calibration-Light Cross-User Gesture Recognition from Surface Electromyography

This paper introduces a montage-agnostic encoder that uses shared weights and physical electrode coordinates to enable calibration-light, cross-user gesture recognition from surface electromyography, demonstrating superior performance over traditional per-user baselines across multiple datasets while revealing that model robustness depends more on signal fidelity and baseline strength than on the size of the training pool.

Jethro Odeyemi, W. J. Zhang2026-07-31

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📄 developmental biology — 2 papers

📄 developmental biology

A nuclear targeting approach enables efficient transgenesis in the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus

This study establishes an efficient transgenesis system for the milkweed bug *Oncopeltus fasciatus* by combining CRISPR-Cas9-generated mutant strains with a nuclear targeting approach that enhances piggyBac-mediated transformation, thereby expanding the species' utility as a comparative model for advanced genetic research.

Shirai, Y., Hashmi, Y., Watts, A., Kao, J. A., Extavour, C. G.2026-07-31

📄 developmental biology

The 3D micro- and nanostructure of the apical extracellular matrix in Drosophila

This study utilizes advanced 3D volume electron microscopy to comprehensively map the intricate micro- and nanostructures of the *Drosophila* larval apical extracellular matrix, revealing diverse architectures in sensory organs, tracheal systems, and transport cells that inform the development of next-generation biomimetic materials.

Alkhateeb, T., Ibrahim, J., Richter, V., Thum, A. S., Behr, M.2026-07-31

📄 earth_science — 29 papers

📄 earth_science

A Relationship Between Baroclinic Tidal and Wave Horizontal Spectral Energy and Stratification on the Australian Continental Shelf

This study analyzes temperature and velocity data from Australian moorings to establish a power-law relationship between upper-ocean stratification and baroclinic wave energy that holds for specific depth and temperature difference thresholds, offering a cost-effective method to predict internal wave energy fields and mixing potential.

Robin Robertson2026-07-31

📄 earth_science

Air Quality and Economic Trade-Offs of Relaxing California’s Gasoline Volatility Limits

This study finds that relaxing California's stringent summer gasoline volatility limits would yield significant monthly production and consumer cost savings exceeding the monetized health impacts, despite causing a negligible increase in ozone levels due to the lower reactivity of winter-blend emissions.

Jiachen Zhang, Xinyi Zhang, Hao Hu, Mohammad Mahdi Badami, Yashar Aghaei, Elyse Pennington, Sina Hasheminassab, Paul Wen (…)2026-07-31

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📈 econ — 28 papers

📈 economics

A Theory of Reference-Dependent Utility

This paper introduces Weak Rank-Dependent Utility (WRDU), a reference-dependent utility model that uniquely characterizes a specific class of preferences to explain the Allais paradox and resolve the Rabin calibration critique through endogenous reference points and range-dependent attenuation.

G. Charles-Cadogan2026-07-31

📈 economics

Battery Operations in Electricity Markets: Strategic Behavior and Distortions

This paper analyzes how privately owned batteries exert market power in two-settlement electricity markets, characterizing the resulting strategic distortions and demonstrating that while they increase generation costs, the efficiency loss remains moderate and diminishes rapidly with competition, as quantified by tight bounds on the Price of Anarchy.

Jerry Anunrojwong, Santiago R. Balseiro, Omar Besbes, Bolun Xu2026-07-31

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⚡ eess — 35 papers

⚡ electrical engineering

A fully GPU-based workflow for building physics emulators of hypersonic flows

This paper presents a fully GPU-based workflow that leverages the differentiable JAX-Fluids solver to generate data and perform residual-based refinement, enabling the creation of physics-aware neural emulators for hypersonic flows that maintain high fidelity and physical consistency beyond their training distribution.

Fabian Paischer, Dylan Rubini, Deniz Bezgin, Aaron Buhendwa, David Hauser, Florian Sestak, Johannes Brandstetter, Sebast (…)2026-07-31

⚡ electrical engineering

A probabilistic residual-strength state-mapping framework for fatigue-life prediction of composite laminates under block loading

This study proposes a probabilistic residual-strength state-mapping framework that uses quantile continuity under a Weibull approximation to predict fatigue life under block loading, demonstrating improved accuracy over benchmark models for various composite laminates while highlighting limitations when damage morphologies change significantly between stress levels.

Zihao Feng, Xianghui Zheng, Qian Cheng, Bo Yang, Xiaochong Lu, Qingyuan Wang, Chongxiang Huang2026-07-31

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🩺 endocrinology — 1 papers

🩺 endocrinology

Evaluation of Type 2 Diabetes Like Subtypes in Gestational Diabetes

This study demonstrates the feasibility of classifying Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) into Type 2 Diabetes-like subtypes using K-means clustering and preliminary epigenetic analysis, suggesting shared molecular mechanisms and potential pathways for future validation in larger cohorts.

Srour, L., Al-Thani, N., Fthenou, E., Albagha, O., El Hajj, N.2026-07-31

📄 evolutionary biology — 1 papers

📄 evolutionary biology

Rare variants drive high variance in human ancestral fitness at mutation-selection-drift balance

By correcting empirical estimates of deleterious mutation rates to include slightly deleterious variants, this study demonstrates that rare and ultra-rare mutations drive substantial variance in human ancestral fitness, potentially explaining the "missing heritability" in complex diseases and highlighting the need to assess unique mutations rather than relying solely on polygenic risk scores.

Hernandez, U., Mawass, W., Matheson, J., Masel, J.2026-07-31

🧬 genomics — 1 papers

🧬 genomics

Concerted evolution and unorthodox recombination of human subtelomeres

By applying a reference-free pangenome approach to 465 near-complete human assemblies, this study reveals that high-identity pseudo-homologous regions organize chromosome ends into sequence communities that facilitate recurrent ectopic exchange, driving the concerted evolution of human subtelomeres across the genome.

Guarracino, A., Gyamfi, A., Human Pangenome Reference Consortium,, Garrison, E.2026-07-31

📄 geriatric medicine — 1 papers

📄 geriatric medicine

Functional assessment improves discrimination of clinical and biomarker-defined Alzheimers disease

In a contemporary and diverse cohort, most established Alzheimer's disease risk algorithms showed limited discriminatory power for clinical and biomarker outcomes, but including a functional assessment measure significantly improved their ability to distinguish between healthy cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.

Mavromati, K., Dibble, A. J., Tvrda, L., Dalby, C., Beazer, J. D., Hughes, L., Kennelly, S. P., Quinn, T. J.2026-07-31

⚛️ gr-qc — 14 papers

⚛️ general relativity

A Four-dimensional Model-agnostic Probe into the Astrophysical Origins of Binary Black Hole Subpopulations

This paper presents the first data-driven, model-agnostic reconstruction of the joint four-dimensional distribution of binary black hole mass and spin parameters, revealing four distinct subpopulations and new correlations that provide novel insights into their diverse astrophysical origins beyond the capabilities of previous strongly modeled or lower-dimensional analyses.

Anarya Ray, Vicky Kalogera2026-07-31

⚛️ general relativity

Ab Initio Real-Time Gravitational-Wave Parameter Estimation

This paper presents a specialized GPU-native nested sampling kernel that achieves real-time gravitational-wave parameter estimation for binary neutron star signals, reducing median inference times to as little as 89 seconds on a single GPU by leveraging Slice-within-Gibbs mixing and heterodyning techniques.

David Yallup, Metha Prathaban, James Alvey, Thomas C. K. Ng, Thibeau Wouters, Nikhil Sarin, Will Handley2026-07-31

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📄 health policy — 1 papers

📄 health policy

Nutri-Score labelling in the out-of-home food sector: evidence on effectiveness from a large, randomised control trial in UK restaurant settings

This large-scale randomized control trial in UK restaurants demonstrates that adding Nutri-Score labels to menus, alongside calorie information, significantly improves both the perceived effectiveness of menu labeling and the nutritional quality of food orders compared to calorie labeling alone.

Finlay, A., Jones, A., Evans, R. K., Colombet, Z., Garbutt, J., Maletta, R., Flaherty, M. E., Toumpakari, Z., Townsend (…)2026-07-31

⚛️ hep-ex — 10 papers

⚛️ high-energy experiments

A measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the diphoton decay channel in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

Using proton-proton collision data at 13 TeV collected by the CMS detector from 2016 to 2018, this study measures the Higgs boson mass in the diphoton decay channel to be 125.13 ± 0.15 GeV, achieving improved precision through refined calibration and new analysis techniques, and combines this result with previous measurements at 7 and 8 TeV to obtain a combined mass of 125.06 ± 0.14 GeV.

CMS Collaboration2026-07-31

⚛️ high-energy experiments

Comment on the preprint: First Limits on Axion Dark Matter from a DALI Prototype arXiv:2603.21951

This paper presents an independent assessment of the DALI prototype's sensitivity to axion-like particle dark matter, concluding that no electromagnetic modes below 12 GHz exhibit significant coupling to the axion field sufficient to explain the reported sensitivity, and offers recommendations for future dielectric haloscope experiments.

Erika Garutti, Anton Ivanov, Béla Majorovits2026-07-31

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⚛️ hep-lat — 6 papers

⚛️ lattice

Confinement and String Breaking in the Compact Abelian Higgs Model

This paper presents a 1+1D Compact Abelian Higgs Model simulated on qutrit sites using DMRG methods to demonstrate how a local chemical potential can be used to measure physical features like string tension and effective meson mass, thereby enabling the study of confinement and string breaking with current quantum simulation techniques.

Blake Senseman, Zane Ozzello, Yannick Meurice, Stephen Mrenna2026-07-31

⚛️ lattice

Exact chiral symmetry with quantum signal processing

This paper presents a quantum signal processing algorithm for the overlap fermion Hamiltonian that preserves the Ginsparg-Wilson relation with controllable error, offering a nearly free quantum simulation of chiral symmetry with logarithmic overhead compared to the Wilson-Dirac Hamiltonian and reduced qubit costs relative to domain-wall fermions.

Henry Lamm, Alessandro Roggero, Hersh Singh, Luca Spagnoli2026-07-31

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⚛️ hep-ph — 12 papers

⚛️ phenomenology

A Material Frame: Hard Recoils from Slow Force Carriers

This paper proposes a modification to the Standard Model where the photon's longitudinal component propagates at an extremely slow speed, breaking Lorentz symmetry and causing charged particles to experience severe momentum-recoils that constrain this speed to be less than $10^{-60}$ , effectively turning the preferred reference frame into a material medium that absorbs momentum from matter.

Francesco Serra2026-07-31

⚛️ phenomenology

Beyond monomial $\alpha$ -attractors

This paper demonstrates that extending monomial $\alpha$ -attractor models to include binomial potentials can resolve tensions with recent CMB and DESI data by producing larger scalar spectral indices and introducing a time-dependent equation of state during reheating, thereby challenging the validity of assuming a uniquely determined reheating equation of state based solely on the monomial power.

Laura Iacconi2026-07-31

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⚛️ hep-th — 13 papers

⚛️ high-energy theory

A comparison of two constructions for dynamical corrections to Wald entropy

This paper compares two distinct constructions for dynamical corrections to Wald entropy in higher-derivative gravity—the boost-symmetry-based $S_\text{Wall}$ and the covariant phase-space $S_\text{dyn}$ —clarifying their fundamental differences and developing an algorithm to derive the former from the latter, which is demonstrated using a Riemann-squared theory example.

Sayantani Bhattacharyya, Parthajit Biswas, Nilay Kundu2026-07-31

⚛️ high-energy theory

Continuous symmetries and charge measurement of boundary operators in holography

This paper investigates holographic charge measurement for continuous internal symmetries by characterizing charged boundary operators via bulk Wilson lines and measurement via U-shaped defects, deriving universal low-energy features, and providing explicit top-down realizations in Type IIB string theory and M-theory that elucidate the underlying brane dynamics, topological nature, and fusion rules of these configurations.

Ibrahima Bah, Federico Bonetti, Mufaro Chitoto, Enoch Leung2026-07-31

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📄 hiv aids — 1 papers

📄 hiv aids

Household energy poverty and sleep disorders among people living with HIV: Does the level of physical activity have any moderating effect?

This study of 1,132 people living with HIV in Kenya reveals that household energy poverty significantly increases insomnia, while physical activity reduces insomnia symptoms, though it does not statistically moderate the negative impact of energy poverty.

Boateng, G. O., Ahmed, H., Odei Boateng, M., Agbe, E., Owuor, P., Adjei Adams, E.2026-07-31

🛡️ immunology — 1 papers

🛡️ immunology

LiteVax-adjuvanted influenza vaccine induces transient interferon-driven innate activation and accelerates early IgG3 responses in older adults

This study demonstrates that the LiteVax adjuvant enhances influenza vaccine immunogenicity in older adults by inducing a transient interferon-driven innate response that accelerates early IgG3 production and improves T-cell memory differentiation, thereby mitigating age-related immune decline.

D'Onofrio, V., Verstraete, M., Porrez, S., Jacobs, B., Alhatemi, A., De Gussem, S., Verwilst, S., Willems, A., Waerlop (…)2026-07-31

📄 infectious diseases — 2 papers

📄 infectious diseases

Large language models enable consensus-level interpretation in metagenomic diagnostics

This study demonstrates that locally deployed large language models, when combined with structured decision trees, can achieve expert-level consensus in interpreting metagenomic sequencing data for sterile-site specimens, thereby enabling scalable and standardized clinical pathogen diagnosis.

Steinig, E., Krysiak, M., Deo, K., Duncan, A., Prestedge, J., Barr, J., Moselen, J., Khan, S. F., Fernando, J. A., Savic (…)2026-07-31

📄 infectious diseases

Smartphone-connected, battery-free aptamer-based digital test for quantification of procalcitonin and monitoring of infection at the point of care

The researchers developed and validated ELLA-PCT, a battery-free, smartphone-connected electrochemical lateral flow assay that enables rapid, quantitative, and laboratory-grade detection of procalcitonin at the point of care, offering a decentralized solution for diagnosing bacterial infections and guiding antibiotic therapy in resource-limited settings.

Cai, Y., Flauzino, J. M. R., Sanli, A., Hu, T., Lee, H. S., Collins, A. S., Gonzalez-Macia, L., Williams, S., Frederico (…)2026-07-31

🔢 math — 100 papers

🔢 mathematics

$\Pi^0_4$ conservation of a Carlson-Simpson lemma for 1-variable words

This paper establishes that the 2-coloring version of the Carlson-Simpson lemma for 1-variable words is a $\forall \Pi^0_4$ -conservative extension of $\mathsf{RCA}_0 + \mathsf{B}\Sigma_2$ , thereby proving that neither the indivisibility of the universal triangle-free Henson graph nor the tree theorem for pairs implies $\Sigma^0_2$ -induction.

Quentin Le Houérou, Ludovic Patey2026-07-31

🔢 mathematics

A Rank-Count Theory for the Combinatorial Discretizable Distance Geometry Problem

This paper develops an algebraic rank-count theory for the Combinatorial Discretizable Distance Geometry Problem, proving that under mirror-separated parameters, the feasible binary branch codes form an affine space over $\mathbb{F}_2$ whenever a viable reference solution exists.

Michael Souza, Wagner da Rocha, Carlile Lavor2026-07-31

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🔢 math-ph — 8 papers

🔢 mathematics

Constrained Least Action and Quantum Mechanics

This paper proposes a new analytical method that solves the Schrödinger equation exactly for general nonlinear potentials by deriving the wave function from classical least action principles and time rescaling, thereby offering a potential replacement for quantum perturbation theory and enabling exact solutions for previously unsolvable systems like the quartic oscillator.

Winfried Lohmiller, Jean-Jacques Slotine2026-07-31

🔢 mathematics

Integrability in Asymptotic Symmetries of Spacetime: the $\text{BMS}_3$ scenario

This paper re-establishes the integrability of the $\mathfrak{bms}_3$ hierarchy through diverse structural methodologies, including bi-Hamiltonian and Lie-Poisson frameworks, while demonstrating its relationship to the $\mathrm{AdS}_3$ case via a flat limit and identifying its connection to the coadjoint orbits of $\mathfrak{bms}_3$ for energy-dependent Schrödinger operators.

Corentin Vitel2026-07-31

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📄 medicine — 174 papers

📄 medicine

'I'm fighting my case all the time.' Candidacy, stigma and negotiated access in cancer care: experiences of people with intellectual disability and their supporters.

This qualitative study reveals that people with intellectual disability and their supporters must constantly negotiate legitimacy and perform relational labor to access cancer care due to systemic stigma and fragmented services, a phenomenon conceptualized as "advocated-candidacy" that necessitates structural redesign to ensure equitable outcomes.

Natalie M Gil2026-07-31

📄 medicine

A Clinically Grounded Rule-Based Phenotyping Framework for Identifying Immune-Related Adverse Events in Structured Electronic Health Record Data: A Retrospective EHR Study

This study presents a scalable, clinically grounded, rule-based framework that successfully identifies immune-related adverse events, specifically immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis, in structured electronic health record data by integrating treatment exposure, temporally anchored immunosuppressive therapy, and diagnostic codes without relying on advanced computational methods.

Natalya Alekhina, Kathi Mooney, Katherine Sward, Bob Wong, Wallace Akerley2026-07-31

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🦠 microbiology — 2 papers

🦠 microbiology

A Direct DNA Extraction Workflow for Metabarcoding Fungal Bioaerosols from Adhesive Samplers

This study presents and validates a direct DNA extraction workflow for adhesive samplers, enabling culture-independent ITS2 metabarcoding of fungal bioaerosols to effectively reveal their spatiotemporal dynamics across agricultural and domestic environments.

Jung, J., Leitao, R., Day, A. L. F., Davis, H., Hawkins, N., Kanyuka, K., Fisher, M. C.2026-07-31

🦠 microbiology

Affinity-enhanced peptides delivered by mRNA-LNPs inhibit influenza A virus replication by disrupting the PA-PB1 interaction

This study demonstrates that mRNA-LNP-delivered, affinity-enhanced peptides targeting the conserved PA-PB1 interface effectively disrupt influenza A polymerase assembly and inhibit viral replication, offering a promising new antiviral strategy against drug-resistant strains.

Florez Prada, A., Sturmach, C., Laroui, N., Pautrieux, N., Bourgneuf, C., Mas, P., Lartia, R., Boturyn, D., Burmeister (…)2026-07-31

📄 molecular biology — 1 papers

📄 molecular biology

Molecular factors shaping small RNA content in mouse sperm

This study utilizes unique molecular identifiers and spike-ins to characterize the selective, protein-associated, and capacitation-responsive dynamics of small RNAs in mouse sperm, thereby resolving technical biases and clarifying the molecular factors that shape the sperm small RNA repertoire.

Wu, P.-H., Perillo, G., Allen, G. E., Shehzada, S., Shibata, K., Ueberheide, B., Conzelmann-Prin, S., Darques, M. V., Sh (…)2026-07-31

🧠 neurology — 2 papers

🧠 neurology

Localising the epileptogenic zone from single-pulse electrical stimulation responses using cross-trial attention

This study demonstrates that an interleaved Hierarchical Attention Transformer (HAT) model, which explicitly captures cross-trial dependencies in single-pulse electrical stimulation responses without averaging, achieves superior concordance with the clinical seizure onset zone compared to traditional averaging methods while remaining robust to limited trial availability, though its association with postsurgical seizure freedom remains inconclusive.

Norris, J., van Blooijs, D., Chari, A., Cooray, G., Tisdall, M., Friston, K., Smith, S. D. W., Rosch, R.2026-07-31

🧠 neurology

The anatomy of regression-to-the-mean in simulated epilepsy trials

Using a large-scale simulation of epilepsy patients, this study demonstrates that regression to the mean can artificially inflate apparent placebo responses through distinct mechanisms—including transient illness worsening, stricter eligibility criteria, reduced measurement sensitivity, and false alarms—thereby providing critical insights for improving trial design and interpreting endpoints.

Goldenholz, D. M., Bhansali, R. M., Kaptchuk, T. J., Westover, M. B.2026-07-31

🧠 neuroscience — 5 papers

🧠 neuroscience

Impaired astrocyte-to-neuron cholesterol trafficking drives synaptic dysfunction in Rett syndrome

This study identifies that impaired astrocyte-to-neuron cholesterol trafficking, driven by Mecp2 deficiency-induced defects in cholesterol biosynthesis and ApoE lipidation, causes synaptic dysfunction in Rett syndrome and can be rescued by cholesterol supplementation.

Postogna, F. M., Giancroce, N., Cabasino, C., Biella, F., Roggero, O. M., Breccia, M., Morelli, L., Colombo, D., Arcari (…)2026-07-31

🧠 neuroscience

Inner visual experience biases object neural representational geometry during perceptual encoding

This study demonstrates that subjective imagery experience, as evidenced by the presence or absence of aphantasia, biases the geometry of neural object representations during perceptual encoding, specifically reducing visual-similarity alignment in the left lateral occipitotemporal cortex while preserving language-relation alignment, suggesting that perception and imagery rely on heterogeneous rather than unitary neural codes.

Tian, S., Mao, X., Wang, D.-H., Wang, X., Bi, Y.2026-07-31

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🌀 nlin — 7 papers

🌀 nonlinear sciences

Anonymous sharing is pairwise phase-blind

This paper demonstrates that in a system of identical training jobs sharing an anonymous resource, the absence of pairwise phase coupling prevents the emergence of the self-reinforcing "checkpoint storm" and synchronous clustering predicted by oscillator models, leaving synchrony as an unstable fixed point rather than an attractor.

Brieuc Le roux tardif2026-07-31

🌀 nonlinear sciences

Chaos in reason: How chain-of-thought LLMs can look for an answer

This paper applies nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory to demonstrate that Large Language Models exhibit chaotic behavior characterized by sensitivity to initial conditions and fractal hidden state structures, driven by the nonlinear coupling of attention mechanisms while balanced by normalization and residual connections.

Gregorio Jaca, Kristóf Benedek, János Török2026-07-31

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⚛️ nucl-ex — 3 papers

⚛️ nuclear experiments

Extraction of $\sigma_{TT}$ for Proton, Neutron, Deuteron and $^3$ He from Quasi-real Photon Scattering

This paper reports the extraction of polarized photoproduction cross-sections for the proton, neutron, deuteron, and $^3$ He by extrapolating electron scattering data from Jefferson Lab experiments to the real photon point, revealing that while proton results align with real photon data, the neutron and deuteron exhibit enhanced strength in the $\Delta(1232)$ region that better supports isospin symmetry.

YiLei Li, B. Callahan, M. M. Dalton, A. Deur, O. Larson, A. Rask, D. W. Upton, X. Zheng2026-07-31

⚛️ nuclear experiments

On a Liquid Krypton TPC for double positron decay searches

This paper proposes a liquid Krypton Time Projection Chamber that utilizes the unique four-gamma tagging signature of double positron decay to achieve a virtually background-free search, with a small prototype capable of setting world-leading limits and a ton-scale detector reaching sensitivities of $10^{29}$ – $10^{30}$ years.

S. Torelli, A. Simón Estévez, F. Monrabal Capilla2026-07-31

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⚛️ nucl-th — 7 papers

⚛️ nuclear theory

Binary neutron stars in the next-generation era: Multi-messenger detection prospects and constraints on the equation of state, mass distribution, and cosmology

This paper projects that next-generation gravitational-wave observatories like the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer will enable hundreds of multi-messenger binary neutron star detections annually, allowing for precise constraints on the neutron star equation of state, mass distribution, and cosmological parameters through joint hierarchical Bayesian inference.

Hauke Koehn, Thibeau Wouters, Gilad Sadeh, Peter T. H. Pang, Mattia Bulla, Chris Van Den Broeck, Michael W. Coughlin, Ti (…)2026-07-31

⚛️ nuclear theory

Configuration crossing, shape evolution, and odd-proton polarization in yttrium isotopes

This paper utilizes a configuration-mixing Bose-Fermi model and a novel differential charge-radius polarization observable to demonstrate how an unpaired proton in yttrium isotopes ( $^{91-101}$ Y) modifies the abrupt collective structural evolution near $N=60$ , revealing a localized core deformation and a transition from weak to strong coupling.

Noam Gavrielov2026-07-31

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🔬 oncology — 1 papers

🔬 oncology

A Non-Invasive Urinary Bile-Acid Marker for Never-Smoker Lung Cancer

This study identifies urinary CPG, a bile-acid glucuronide linked to AhR/CYP xenobiotic metabolism, as a non-invasive biomarker associated with lung cancer in never-smokers and capable of predicting worse survival, independent of established markers like creatine riboside and NANA.

Chung, S., Liu, H., Khan, M., Patel, T. S., Blackman, B., Swenson, R. E., Pine, S. R., Gonzalez, F. J., Harris, C. C., P (…)2026-07-31

📄 pharmacology and toxicology — 1 papers

📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Evaluation of ivermectin effectiveness under contrasting anthelmintic resistance scenarios in beef cattle: a comparative study in Italy and Argentina

This comparative study demonstrates that while ivermectin exhibits similar pharmacokinetic profiles in both young and adult cattle, its therapeutic efficacy varies drastically between Argentina and Italy due to widespread anthelmintic resistance in Argentine farms versus high susceptibility in Italian herds, underscoring the critical need for resistance diagnostics before treatment.

Canton, C., Bosco, A., Maurelli, M. P., Vitiello, P., Ceballos, L., Dominguez, P., Moriones, L., Torres, J. M., Alvarez (…)2026-07-31

🔬 physics — 40 papers

🔬 physics

A Distributed Acoustic Sensing Dataset for Vessel Detection and Localization in Submarine Cable Protection

This paper introduces the Marlinks-NS dataset, a comprehensive collection of processed Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) measurements and AIS-derived vessel data from the North Sea, designed to support reproducible machine learning research for detecting and localizing vessels to protect submarine cables.

Erick Eduardo Ramirez-Torres, Javier Macias-Guarasa, Daniel Pizarro, Javier Tejedor, Sira Elena Palazuelos-Cagigas, Pedr (…)2026-07-31

🔬 physics

A sub-grid-scale model for polydisperse bubbly flows with heat and mass transfer

This paper presents a new sub-grid-scale model for polydisperse bubbly flows that incorporates heat and mass transfer via a conditional hyperbolic quadrature method, demonstrating improved accuracy and stability over traditional polytropic closures in 3D simulations.

Anand Radhakrishnan, Spencer H. Bryngelson2026-07-31

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🔬 physics.app-ph — 2 papers

🔬 applied physics

Fast and Accurate Foundation Models for Equivariant Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials

This paper presents a family of fast, scalable, and accurate equivariant foundation models for interatomic potentials that overcome speed-accuracy trade-offs through optimized NequIP and Allegro architectures, while emphasizing that future improvements in materials discovery rely more on dataset diversity and consistent transition metal descriptions than on model complexity alone.

Seán R. Kavanagh, Chuin Wei Tan, Menghang Wang, Marc L. Descoteaux, Gabriel de Miranda Nascimento, Ulrik Unneberg, Laura (…)2026-07-31

🔬 applied physics

Phase noise analysis and control of VO $_2$ -based relaxation type oscillators

This paper investigates phase noise in VO $_2$ -based relaxation oscillators, identifying thermal fluctuations during the incubation phase as the primary cause of spectral linewidth broadening at low frequencies and demonstrating that synchronization with an external square-wave signal offers superior phase noise suppression compared to sinusoidal injection locking.

Artem Litvinenko, Erbin Qiu, Sambit Ghosh, Juan Andres Hofer, Akash Kumar, Jong-Guk Choi, Ivan K. Schuller, Johan Åkerma (…)2026-07-31

🔬 physics.atom-ph — 2 papers

🔬 atomic physics

Hubbard physics with ultracold polar molecules: on-site interaction energies for shielded molecules

This paper investigates on-site interaction energies for shielded ultracold polar molecules in optical lattices, revealing a unique phenomenon where the interaction strength transitions from negative to positive as lattice depth increases due to strong correlations from a repulsive core, thereby enabling new regimes of dipolar Hubbard physics with multiple site occupancy.

Carlin Stewart-Wiese, Joy Dutta, Jeremy M. Hutson2026-07-31

🔬 atomic physics

Resource-efficient quantum-selected configuration interaction for molecular properties

This paper proposes a resource-efficient quantum-selected configuration interaction framework that constructs a compact Hamiltonian to significantly reduce circuit complexity, enabling accurate calculations of molecular properties like ground-state energies and dipole moments for Group IIIA monofluorides on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices with up to 20 qubits.

Suprava Sahoo, Abdul Kalam, Kenji Sugisaki, V. S. Prasannaa, B. P. Das2026-07-31

🔬 physics.optics — 7 papers

🔬 optics

Even-harmonic generation through nonequilibrium steady-state symmetry breaking

This paper demonstrates that in a boundary-driven Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chain, dissipative dynamics can break the inversion symmetry of the nonequilibrium steady state to generate even harmonics in high-harmonic generation, thereby establishing a direct link between the emitted even-harmonic intensity and the transport current without modifying the underlying Hamiltonian.

Milad Jangjan, Arman Kashef, Siamak Pooyan, Stefan Scheel, Dieter Bauer2026-07-31

🔬 optics

Extreme sensitivity of nonlinear trajectories enhances optical spectral broadening

This paper demonstrates that utilizing photonic molecules with multiple coupled cores, rather than single-core fibers, significantly enhances optical spectral broadening by exploiting the extreme sensitivity of nonlinear trajectories near a separatrix to distort pulse shapes and amplify self-phase modulation.

Jiachen Wang, Koorosh Sadri, Mikael C. Rechtsman2026-07-31

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📄 plant biology — 1 papers

📄 plant biology

Transcriptomic and physiological analyses reveal a salinity-induced growth suppression and defense activation in spring barley

This study integrates physiological and transcriptomic analyses of spring barley cultivar Giza 134 to demonstrate that salinity stress suppresses growth and photosynthesis while activating osmotic adjustment, antioxidant defenses, and specific stress-responsive gene networks, thereby providing a comprehensive molecular framework for breeding salt-resilient barley varieties.

Elakhdar, A., Abdelwahab, E., Elmoghazy, D., Kubo, T.2026-07-31

📄 psychiatry and clinical psychology — 2 papers

📄 psychiatry and clinical psychology

An fMRI Phenotype of Reward in Effort Expenditure in the VTA and Dorsal Raphe: A Longitudinal Study of Depression under Escitalopram Treatment

This longitudinal fMRI study demonstrates that escitalopram treatment in depressed patients enhances ventral tegmental area (VTA) activity during sustained effort expenditure, a neural change that correlates with clinical symptom improvement despite persistent self-reported anhedonia.

Hajric, M., Sittenberger, E., Dommes, L., Bosch, J. E., Beschoner, P., Geiser, F., Stingl, J. C., Viviani, R.2026-07-31

📄 psychiatry and clinical psychology

Research agenda setting in the mental health of neurodivergent students: A qualitative exploration of students perspectives

Through a qualitative study of 104 neurodivergent UK higher education students, this research identifies key priorities for future mental health studies, emphasizing a shift from medical deficit models to social, strengths-based, and intersectional approaches that address institutional barriers, improve support systems, and move beyond diagnosis-dependent access.

Satala, L., Melashenko, D., Feeny, A., Hoxha, D., Koya, S., Sanchez-Izquierdo Lozano, C., Long, Z., Russell, A., Murray (…)2026-07-31

📄 public and global health — 2 papers

📄 public and global health

Design and pilot clinical evaluation of a low-cost, continuous respiratory monitor for newborns

This paper presents the design and pilot clinical evaluation of BreathAlert, a low-cost, continuous respiratory monitor using abdominal motion sensors that demonstrated accurate respiratory rate measurement for preterm newborns in both US and Malawian hospital settings, offering a viable solution for low-resource environments where manual counting is infeasible.

Coyle, J., Amin, A., Bailey, J., Valle, M., Mtenthaonga, P., Mjumira, R., Mangwiro, L., Nelson, N., Heenan, M., Kalikoff (…)2026-07-31

📄 public and global health

Interim BNT162b2 LP.8.1-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness among Non-Immunocompromised Older Adults in California and Louisiana, August-December 2025

This study estimates that the BNT162b2 LP.8.1-adapted COVID-19 vaccine demonstrated 48% effectiveness against emergency department and urgent care encounters among non-immunocompromised adults aged 65 and older in California and Louisiana between August and December 2025.

Zambrano, L. D., Yu, T., Mateus, J., Zhao, X., Andersen, K., Valluri, S. R., Karakuzu Ikizler, B., Nepal, R. M., MacNeil (…)2026-07-31

🧬 q-bio — 71 papers

🧬 biology

A Comparative Genomic Architecture and Functional Potential of Prophages in Clinical Granulicatella adiacens: From Prophage Cargo to Impact

This study characterizes the genomic architecture and functional potential of prophages in clinical *Granulicatella adiacens*, revealing them as mobile, mosaic platforms for recombination and niche adaptation that lack typical virulence factors but warrant inclusion in genomic surveillance pipelines to better understand strain relatedness and clinical variability.

Norya AlMaraghi, samar S. Boswihi, faten Al-Wathiqi, Khaled Al-Obaid2026-07-31

🧬 biology

A Computational Investigation of the Conserved OCT4 Linker Identifies a Candidate Structural Interface Underlying Pluripotency

This computational study identifies a highly conserved structural interface within the OCT4 linker, specifically highlighting the Gln81 residue's hydrogen-bonded interaction with the POU-specific domain as the critical determinant of pluripotency that distinguishes OCT4 from non-reprogramming OCT family members.

Bhavyaa Tyagi2026-07-31

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💰 q-fin — 11 papers

💰 quantitative finance

Economics and Epidemics: Evidence from an Estimated Spatial Econ-SIR Model

This paper presents a spatial econ-SIR model using U.S. county-level data to demonstrate that while lockdowns offer limited benefits without a vaccine, non-pharmaceutical interventions like mask-wearing are highly effective at reducing infections and boosting economic activity when a vaccine is expected within two years.

Mark Bognanni, Doug Hanley, Daniel Kolliner, Kurt Mitman2026-07-31

💰 quantitative finance

FinSMART: Financial Sentiment Analysis for Algorithmic Trading through Market-Aligned Reinforcement Learning

FinSMART introduces a novel market-aligned reinforcement learning framework that optimizes financial sentiment analysis using realized market outcomes instead of static human annotations, significantly outperforming existing methods in profitability and enabling continuous adaptation to evolving market dynamics.

Giorgos Iacovides, Wuyang Zhou, Danilo Mandic2026-07-31

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⚛️ quant-ph — 32 papers

⚛️ quantum physics

Approximate sampling from decoded quantum interferometry via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods

This paper demonstrates that classical Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, specifically block-Gibbs sampling, can effectively emulate the optimization performance of decoded quantum interferometry (DQI) across large problem sizes, suggesting that classical algorithms may closely match DQI's capabilities even in regimes where quantum advantage is theoretically claimed.

Elies Gil-Fuster, Matan Ninio, Lennart Bittel, Yishai Shimoni, Jens Eisert, Stefan Woerner, Almudena Carrera Vázquez2026-07-31

⚛️ quantum physics

Area-Information Trade-Offs in Acceleration Radiation from Atoms Falling into Black Holes

This paper establishes a geometric theory of information processing in the Horizon-brightened acceleration radiation (HBAR) channel, demonstrating that the radiative change in black-hole horizon area serves as a fundamental entropy budget that bounds accessible classical information, mutual information, and Fisher-information-based speed limits for atoms falling into black holes.

Yusef Maleki, Gustavo Valdivia-Mera, Carlos R. Ordonez, Horacio E. Camblong, Marlan O. Scully2026-07-31

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📄 radiology and imaging — 1 papers

📄 radiology and imaging

Robustness of Long Axial Field-of-View PET to Defective Detector Blocks: Impact on Quantitative Accuracy

This study demonstrates that the quantitative accuracy of long axial field-of-view PET systems is primarily determined by the spatial distribution of defective detector blocks rather than just their number, revealing that sparse defects are tolerable in higher numbers while clustered defects cause significant localized biases, thereby supporting a re-evaluation of quality control thresholds to balance system uptime with diagnostic reliability.

Lan, W., Vrakidis, K. D., Bharkhada, D., Linder, P. M., Yaqub, M. M., la Fougere, C., Boellaard, R., Schmidt, F.2026-07-31

📄 social_science — 30 papers

📄 social_science

A pilot study of exploring the use of an EFL speaking application called SBuddy

Guided by Design and Development Research Type 1 and the ADDIE and MUSIC models, this pilot study presents the development and evaluation of SBuddy, a GenAI-powered mobile app that effectively enhances EFL learners' speaking skills, motivation, and confidence through personalized, unrestricted conversational practice.

Kamla Al Amri, Muna Aullad Thani2026-07-31

📄 social_science

Body Weight Dissatisfaction, Social Appearance Anxiety, and Restrained Eating in Chinese Mother-Son and Mother-Daughter Dyads

This cross-sectional study of 351 Chinese mother–adolescent dyads reveals that body weight dissatisfaction and social appearance anxiety are significantly linked to restrained eating both within individuals and across the dyad, with distinct gender-specific patterns showing stronger cross-partner influences in mother–daughter relationships compared to mother–son relationships.

Lilin Long, Ting Wang, Yunyi Cheng, Peiyi Wang, Wesley R. Barnhart, Jason M. Nagata, Gui Chen, Jinbo He2026-07-31

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📊 stat — 32 papers

📊 statistics

A Gaussian-Based Refinement Algorithm for Estimating Usual Energy Intake from FAO Food Balance Sheets: Validation Across Six Countries

This study introduces and validates a Gaussian-based refinement algorithm that successfully estimates population usual energy intake distributions from Food Balance Sheets by treating reported values as upper bounds, demonstrating significantly improved accuracy over existing FAO methods when compared to national dietary surveys across six countries.

Omar A. Alhumaidan2026-07-31

📊 statistics

A Mathematical Framework for Topological Causal Data Analysis

This paper introduces Topological Causal Data Analysis (TCDA), a framework that applies topological methods to generate stable, shape-sensitive summaries of causal effects for structured outcomes at both individual and distribution levels, while clarifying the conditions for identification, consistency, and the limited role of topology in causal discovery.

Hugo Gobato Souto, Ioannis Diamantis2026-07-31

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📄 synthetic biology — 1 papers

📄 synthetic biology

Genetic code expansion enables plant-directed control of bacterial activity

This study demonstrates that engineering plants to biosynthesize the non-canonical amino acid O-methyl-L-tyrosine enables plant hosts to programmably control gene expression and activity in associated soil bacteria, establishing a new platform for precision agricultural biotechnology.

Zhong, V., Jones, M. A., Cabales, A., Gevorgyan, A., Inckemann, R., Johnson, A. A., Karunadasa, S. S., Forti, A., Xu, S. (…)2026-07-31

📄 systems biology — 1 papers

📄 systems biology

Deep Mechanistic Models reveal pathway-extrinsic drivers of mammary MAPK signalling heterogeneity

This paper introduces Deep Mechanistic Models (DMMs), a framework that integrates semi-supervised representation learning with ordinary differential equation models to reveal that mammary MAPK signalling heterogeneity is primarily driven by pathway-extrinsic factors rather than core pathway variations, while simultaneously using model discrepancies to identify novel biological mechanisms.

Fabrini, G., Froehlich, F.2026-07-31

Agronomic Performance and Genotype by Environment Interaction of Hybrid Maize Across Different Land Typologies in South Sulawesi

BYPredictor: A Biologically Inspired Deep Learning Framework for Accurate Crop Yield Forecasting

A search for HI absorption in distant star-forming galaxies with ASKAP-FLASH - II. Direct observations and stacking of 21 cm line

A study of the large-scale formation in the environment of A3266: Infalling groups, filaments, and a premerger cold front

Dimerization and Threonine-Dependent Stabilization Govern Human YRDC Catalysis

MDA5 multimerization on LINE RNA drives pathogenic extracellular immune complexes in autoimmunity

DPCGS: a computational framework for linking GWAS to single-cell transcriptomics in complex traits and diseases

Targeting the NuRD Component, CHD4, Impairs Foxp3+ Treg Cell Production and Function and Promotes Anti-Tumor Immunity

Bimetallic porphyrin-based covalent organic framework with photo-enhanced oxidase-like activity for colorimetric determination of As(V) in rice samples

Ethyl substitution enhances field-induced polarization and lowers the C-Se dissociation threshold in selenols

Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity on a fuzzy sphere

Convergence to the exact kinetics of the one-dimensional Riviera model

Current-based RF charge sensing in a carbon nanotube

Entropic signatures of the single-impurity Kondo state

A Combined Microbeam and Phase-Field Approach to Identify the Toughness and Ultimate Strength of Amorphous Silica

A Universal Crystal-Field Design Principle for Orbital-Order-Driven Altermagnetism

A Comparative Study of Intrusion Detection Models for DDoS and Brute Force Attack Detection Using Public Cybersecurity Datasets

A Controlled Benchmark of Raw Sequential Image Based Hybrid and Statistical Models for Representation Aware Anomaly Detection in Household Electricity Consumption Time Series

(Towards) Scalable Reliable Automated Evaluation with Large Language Models

AHA-Memes: A Fine-Grained Multimodal Benchmark for Understanding Hate in Arabic Memes

β\betaβ-OPSD: Deriving with Policy Optimization, Training with Self-Distillation

A Montage-Agnostic Encoder for Calibration-Light Cross-User Gesture Recognition from Surface Electromyography

A nuclear targeting approach enables efficient transgenesis in the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus

The 3D micro- and nanostructure of the apical extracellular matrix in Drosophila

A Relationship Between Baroclinic Tidal and Wave Horizontal Spectral Energy and Stratification on the Australian Continental Shelf

Air Quality and Economic Trade-Offs of Relaxing California’s Gasoline Volatility Limits

A Theory of Reference-Dependent Utility

Battery Operations in Electricity Markets: Strategic Behavior and Distortions

A fully GPU-based workflow for building physics emulators of hypersonic flows

A probabilistic residual-strength state-mapping framework for fatigue-life prediction of composite laminates under block loading

Evaluation of Type 2 Diabetes Like Subtypes in Gestational Diabetes

Rare variants drive high variance in human ancestral fitness at mutation-selection-drift balance

Concerted evolution and unorthodox recombination of human subtelomeres

Functional assessment improves discrimination of clinical and biomarker-defined Alzheimers disease

A Four-dimensional Model-agnostic Probe into the Astrophysical Origins of Binary Black Hole Subpopulations

Ab Initio Real-Time Gravitational-Wave Parameter Estimation

Nutri-Score labelling in the out-of-home food sector: evidence on effectiveness from a large, randomised control trial in UK restaurant settings

A measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the diphoton decay channel in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s}s​ = 13 TeV

Comment on the preprint: First Limits on Axion Dark Matter from a DALI Prototype arXiv:2603.21951

Confinement and String Breaking in the Compact Abelian Higgs Model

Exact chiral symmetry with quantum signal processing

A Material Frame: Hard Recoils from Slow Force Carriers

Beyond monomial α\alphaα-attractors

A comparison of two constructions for dynamical corrections to Wald entropy

Continuous symmetries and charge measurement of boundary operators in holography

Household energy poverty and sleep disorders among people living with HIV: Does the level of physical activity have any moderating effect?

LiteVax-adjuvanted influenza vaccine induces transient interferon-driven innate activation and accelerates early IgG3 responses in older adults

Large language models enable consensus-level interpretation in metagenomic diagnostics

Smartphone-connected, battery-free aptamer-based digital test for quantification of procalcitonin and monitoring of infection at the point of care

Π40\Pi^0_4Π40​ conservation of a Carlson-Simpson lemma for 1-variable words

A Rank-Count Theory for the Combinatorial Discretizable Distance Geometry Problem

Constrained Least Action and Quantum Mechanics

Integrability in Asymptotic Symmetries of Spacetime: the BMS3\text{BMS}_3BMS3​ scenario

'I'm fighting my case all the time.' Candidacy, stigma and negotiated access in cancer care: experiences of people with intellectual disability and their supporters.

A Clinically Grounded Rule-Based Phenotyping Framework for Identifying Immune-Related Adverse Events in Structured Electronic Health Record Data: A Retrospective EHR Study

A Direct DNA Extraction Workflow for Metabarcoding Fungal Bioaerosols from Adhesive Samplers

Affinity-enhanced peptides delivered by mRNA-LNPs inhibit influenza A virus replication by disrupting the PA-PB1 interaction

Molecular factors shaping small RNA content in mouse sperm

Localising the epileptogenic zone from single-pulse electrical stimulation responses using cross-trial attention

The anatomy of regression-to-the-mean in simulated epilepsy trials

Impaired astrocyte-to-neuron cholesterol trafficking drives synaptic dysfunction in Rett syndrome

Inner visual experience biases object neural representational geometry during perceptual encoding

Anonymous sharing is pairwise phase-blind

Chaos in reason: How chain-of-thought LLMs can look for an answer

Extraction of σTT\sigma_{TT}σTT​ for Proton, Neutron, Deuteron and 3^33He from Quasi-real Photon Scattering

On a Liquid Krypton TPC for double positron decay searches

Binary neutron stars in the next-generation era: Multi-messenger detection prospects and constraints on the equation of state, mass distribution, and cosmology

Configuration crossing, shape evolution, and odd-proton polarization in yttrium isotopes

A Non-Invasive Urinary Bile-Acid Marker for Never-Smoker Lung Cancer

Evaluation of ivermectin effectiveness under contrasting anthelmintic resistance scenarios in beef cattle: a comparative study in Italy and Argentina

A Distributed Acoustic Sensing Dataset for Vessel Detection and Localization in Submarine Cable Protection

A sub-grid-scale model for polydisperse bubbly flows with heat and mass transfer

Fast and Accurate Foundation Models for Equivariant Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials

Phase noise analysis and control of VO2_22​-based relaxation type oscillators

Hubbard physics with ultracold polar molecules: on-site interaction energies for shielded molecules

Resource-efficient quantum-selected configuration interaction for molecular properties

Even-harmonic generation through nonequilibrium steady-state symmetry breaking

Extreme sensitivity of nonlinear trajectories enhances optical spectral broadening

Transcriptomic and physiological analyses reveal a salinity-induced growth suppression and defense activation in spring barley

$\beta$ -OPSD: Deriving with Policy Optimization, Training with Self-Distillation

A measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the diphoton decay channel in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

Beyond monomial $\alpha$ -attractors

$\Pi^0_4$ conservation of a Carlson-Simpson lemma for 1-variable words

Integrability in Asymptotic Symmetries of Spacetime: the $\text{BMS}_3$ scenario

Extraction of $\sigma_{TT}$ for Proton, Neutron, Deuteron and $^3$ He from Quasi-real Photon Scattering

Phase noise analysis and control of VO $_2$ -based relaxation type oscillators