1142 papers
Based on a quarter-century of XMM-Newton observations, this study reveals that the TeV blazar Mrk 421 exhibits complex, non-Gaussian variability and spectral transitions between broken power-law and log-parabola models, providing strong evidence for structured jets or energy-dependent electron escape mechanisms rather than standard one-zone cooling scenarios.
This paper presents a multi-wavelength study of the unexpectedly short 2024/25 outburst of EXO 0748-676, revealing that its stable, irradiation-dominated light curve and persistent hard X-ray state are characteristic of a failed transition outburst, distinct from the system's previous long-duration eruptions.
This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using laser capture microdissection and mass spectrometry to quantify matrisome proteins and their post-translational modifications in archived human kidney biopsies, identifying specific collagen changes and protein markers associated with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in diabetic nephropathy and kidney transplantation.
This study demonstrates that the natural product taccalonolide AJ stabilizes microtubules by binding to and rigidifying a compacted, post-GTP hydrolysis GDP lattice, a mechanism distinct from paclitaxel that uncouples GTP hydrolysis from depolymerization.
EnsPlex is a multi-source framework that integrates diverse structural sampling methods with a topology-aware quality assessment model (FACET) to significantly improve protein complex prediction accuracy and success rates in antigen-antibody systems compared to existing approaches.
This study demonstrates that homology-based variant-effect predictors systematically fail for Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenes because they primarily track protein abundance rather than catalytic activity, necessitating a new modeling approach that incorporates substrate-specific context to accurately predict functional consequences.
This paper investigates (2+1)d Chern-Simons Higgsing transitions based on conformal embeddings, demonstrating how they can preserve or enlarge intrinsic topological order through anyon proliferation and condensation, thereby facilitating transitions between Abelian and non-Abelian phases and realizing distinct global symmetry realizations in systems like the family.
This paper introduces a method based on Pauli profile complexity and metric entropy to establish rigorous lower bounds on state preparation complexity for dense quantum -spin Hamiltonians, demonstrating that achieving near-ground-state energy requires super-linear gate counts and proving that shallow circuits with limited non-Clifford resources cannot outperform product states.
This study investigates the breakdown of the quantum anomalous Hall effect in V-doped (Bi,Sb)Te films under microwave irradiation, revealing that electron-hole puddle heating induces hopping transport that increases longitudinal resistance, thereby providing critical insights for GHz-range applications.
This study utilizes time-resolved measurements to demonstrate that current-induced magnetization reversal in quantum anomalous Hall systems is a thermally activated process driven by Joule heating within a disordered magnetic landscape, enabling the controlled manipulation of chiral edge states.
This study introduces a novel four-point correlation function to reveal that anisotropic medium-range order, characterized by a structural length scale exceeding the particle size, peaks at both high- and low-temperature dynamical crossovers in glass-forming liquids, thereby linking these distinct changes in relaxation mechanisms to a single structural observable.
This study systematically compares linear-response theory and a Hartree-Fock-based pseudohybrid functional approach for calculating Hubbard and parameters in transition-metal oxides, revealing that while both methods agree for partially occupied states, they yield significantly different results for nearly empty or filled shells and inter-site interactions due to their distinct underlying assumptions and sensitivity to pseudopotential choices.
The paper introduces 4Director, a video world model that achieves precise camera and object control by conditioning generation on explicit 4D rigid geometry and a Motion Adapter, validated by a new dataset and evaluation metric to outperform existing methods in visual quality and motion consistency.
This PRISMA-guided review synthesizes research from 2017 to 2026 to establish a comprehensive taxonomy of One-Pixel Attacks, evaluate their current defenses and domain-specific vulnerabilities, and propose future research directions alongside a regulatory framework for mitigating these ultra-sparse adversarial threats in AI systems.
This paper presents a comparative explainability framework that audits DeBERTa-v3's zero-shot classification of medical abstracts by evaluating the agreement of five attribution methods, revealing that explanatory stability correlates with predictive certainty and identifying systemic failure modes like lexical hypersensitivity to guide future model improvements.
This paper introduces a reusable matched-budget audit framework that evaluates recaptioned image-text supervision distributions across five axes to overcome limitations in existing benchmarking methods, demonstrating its effectiveness through extensive comparisons on public corpora and releasing a large-scale audited dataset.
This paper presents a holistic assessment of the carbon footprint of Noor, a large-scale Arabic language model, by evaluating the entire project lifecycle from data collection and training to inference and exogenous factors, ultimately highlighting the significant environmental impact of inference and non-compute costs while proposing pathways for reduction.
The paper introduces MatRAG, a hierarchical Retrieval-Augmented Generation framework that leverages Matryoshka Representation Learning and a Directed Acyclic Graph of document clusters to efficiently solve multi-hop questions by reducing both indexing and query-time costs while maintaining high retrieval quality.
This paper investigates the divergence between humans and large language models in verbal uncertainty quantification by introducing an optimization-based algorithm, METHODNAME, which learns optimal probability mappings for verbal markers directly from model outputs to reveal systematic confidence disparities without relying on repeated sampling.
This large-scale study of over 30,000 experiments reveals that while scaling Chemical Language Models improves pretraining loss and chemical syntax understanding, these gains do not translate to proportional improvements in goal-directed molecular design, highlighting a critical disconnect between representation learning and downstream utility despite the introduction of the state-of-the-art NovoMolGen suite.
This study assesses the phenological responses of five dryland tree species in South Omo, Ethiopia, to climatic variability, revealing complex seasonal cycles, reproductive synchrony, and climate-induced flower and fruit abortion that align with local community observations.
Through 24 three-dimensional mantle circulation models, this study proposes a "superpile cycle" hypothesis demonstrating that the assembly and breakup of supercontinents drive a cyclical reorganization of basal mantle structures (LLSVPs), alternating between stable antipodal piles and transient, widespread plume activity during dispersal.
By integrating high-throughput sequencing with 3D photogrammetry, this study demonstrates that the geometric complexity and structural heterogeneity of *Hydnophora microconos* coral colonies facilitate the co-occurrence of diverse *Symbiodiniaceae* genera, particularly influencing the vertical distribution of *Durusdinium* and *Cladocopium* in relation to light availability.
This paper presents an open-source, standardized framework utilizing small, modular ROVs equipped with custom navigation and processing software to enable consistent, high-resolution benthic imaging in temperate kelp forests, effectively complementing traditional diver surveys while overcoming limitations in safety, depth, and spatial coverage.
The paper proposes establishing standardized principles and protocols for evaluating agriculturally relevant AI weather forecasts to prevent a "race to the bottom" in quality and ensure that high-quality, tailored predictions effectively reach smallholder farmers in low- and middle-income countries.
This paper demonstrates that in global games, the introduction of a costly, unobserved defensive action by a privately informed participant can disrupt the standard unique equilibrium selection logic, leading to the existence of multiple symmetric monotone-cutoff equilibria even without public signaling or changes to the information hierarchy.
This paper introduces AVSD-Scenes, a novel dataset of 12,291 paired audio-visual descriptions for urban environments generated by combining modality-specific outputs from advanced AI models, which demonstrates superior performance in semantic alignment, cross-modal retrieval, and scene classification compared to unimodal approaches.
This paper proposes an aging-aware, online distributed scheduling framework that integrates operational and embodied carbon emissions through a utilization-dependent aging model and a privacy-preserving ZSP-ADMM algorithm, achieving significant reductions in both carbon footprint and operational costs for geo-distributed data centers.
This paper presents the first complete experimental observation of a black-hole lightring resonance in an optical fiber analogue, demonstrating that the resonance's spectral characteristics correspond to a spatiotemporal caustic and validating theoretical predictions of its oscillatory and decay properties through pump-probe measurements.
This paper introduces an analytic metric reconstruction method that bypasses direct field equation solutions to derive the first exact spinning black hole metric in parity-even cubic gravity at linear order in the coupling, without relying on spin or weak-field expansions.
This paper presents A-GHOST, a proof-of-concept system that streams high-rate, trigger-level data from detectors to a GPU backend using the NVIDIA IGX Thor kit, achieving sustained 100 Gbps throughput with 0.118 ms inference latency to enable complex, generative neural network algorithms beyond the capabilities of traditional hardware triggers.
This paper presents the first comprehensive study of spurious-electron signals in the DarkSide-50 argon TPC, identifying delayed electron release from impurities and potential photo-ionization of the steel grid as key sources to inform background reduction strategies for future low-mass dark matter searches.
This paper presents a comprehensive technique for computing Drell-Yan lepton pair production across a wide transverse momentum range with unprecedented theoretical precision, incorporating non-perturbative lattice QCD inputs and utilizing a maximum entropy approach to generate strictly positive event weights.
This paper develops a gauge-invariant effective field theory for scalar glueballs based on the Yang-Mills gluon condensate, deriving a parameter-free interaction radius and form factor for the resonance that show excellent agreement with first-principles lattice Yang-Mills calculations.
This paper proposes a minimal extension of scalar singlet dark matter with a charged scalar portal that revives the experimentally excluded mass region, enables hypercharge symmetry non-restoration and baryogenesis via a strong first-order phase transition, and predicts gravitational wave signals detectable by upcoming observatories like LISA, BBO, and DECIGO.
This paper extends Excursion Set Theory to model Primordial Black Hole clustering, revealing that a blue-tilted power spectrum enhances both PBH formation and clustering probability, while larger clustering distances and higher critical density thresholds suppress clustering abundance.
This paper establishes the necessary and sufficient conditions for supersymmetric AdS solutions in supergravity, proving that the Tri-Sasaki class is the unique geometry preserving supersymmetry.
This paper extends the AS² cosmological-state construction to multiple holographic CFTs by modeling their junction with random tensors, demonstrating that the resulting "booklet cosmological states" encode information in a way that allows any two boundary arms to recover a central closed universe, thereby establishing a connection to quantum error correction.
This paper presents an explicit construction of a three-dimensional Hadamard matrix of order 22 by listing its twenty-two two-dimensional slices.
This paper establishes Li-Yau and Aronson-Bénilan type estimates for the critical parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel system by introducing an effective pressure variable, thereby proving global regularity for small-mass data, characterizing the critical mass via subsolutions of the Lane-Emden equation, and unifying previous results on smoothing and decay rates.
This paper proves that while electromagnetic duality acts as an order-two transformation on the anyon types of the toric code, it cannot be realized microscopically as an order-two locality-preserving Clifford operation for even (including the standard case), though such a realization is possible for odd .
This paper establishes a computational phase diagram for the transverse field Ising model by proving that approximating the partition function and Gibbs state observables is efficiently solvable by randomized classical algorithms when the spectral width of the interaction matrix satisfies a specific bound relative to the transverse field and temperature, while becoming NP-hard beyond this threshold.
Therapeutic hypercapnia administered before and after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice attenuates early neurological injury and infarct volume by promoting a reparative microglial phenotype and enhancing pro-angiogenic signaling.
This paper presents a transdisciplinary framework for chronic pain and illness care, developed through a sequential hermeneutic-heuristic meta-synthesis of qualitative and cross-disciplinary studies, which reconceptualizes these conditions as dynamic, relational processes and proposes four interlocking frameworks—process ontology, mindfulness, cultural affordances, and participatory methods—to guide the design of more effective, context-sensitive care pathways.
This study reveals that one-carbon metabolism, specifically folate availability, acts as an instructive regulator of colorectal cancer cell identity by remodeling chromatin to shift cells from a stem-like to a differentiated state, thereby determining their sensitivity to fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy.
This study introduces a rank normalization strategy that enables the cross-pathway comparison of protein turnover rates between the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosomal systems by converting absolute stabilization values into percentile scores, thereby revealing proteome-wide degradation preferences and providing quantitative evidence for proteaphagy.
This paper demonstrates that in competitive spiking networks, replacing fixed lateral inhibition with plastic homeostatic rules requires an "inhibitory budget matching" constraint to conserve total inhibitory drive, a principle that ensures network stability and preserves learning performance while allowing local inhibitory weights to adapt.
This study demonstrates that while graph neural networks can achieve high autism classification accuracy on multisite fMRI data by leveraging cohort-specific context and supervision, they fail to generalize to unseen acquisition sites, highlighting the critical need for rigorous leave-one-site-out evaluation to distinguish between cohort-conditioned performance and true generalization.
This paper presents a comprehensive survey and user's guide to an explicit formula for the Benjamin-Ono equation's solution, demonstrating its utility in applied mathematics and leveraging it to derive detailed, simple explanations of the equation's asymptotic behavior in small-dispersion and long-time limits, including new pointwise convergence results for rational initial data.
This paper investigates localized states in a PT-symmetric discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a four-edge star graph, identifying a stable, current-carrying discrete vortex state with fixed topological charge that arises from the branching geometry and discussing its potential realization in electric circuits.
This paper investigates diffractive vector meson production in electron-polarized deuteron collisions at the Electron-Ion Collider, demonstrating how the deuteron's polarization state influences azimuthal angular distributions, effective radius structure, and gluon saturation effects.
This study reports new thick-target yield measurements for the Cu(Ga reaction near threshold, which align with previous single-foil data and current IAEA estimates at 14 MeV but reveal significantly lower yields at 8 MeV, while confirming the accuracy of existing cross-section estimates used for detector backgrounds and nucleosynthesis calculations.
This paper investigates the thermal nucleation of strange quark matter droplets in proto-neutron stars to demonstrate that a hadron-quark surface tension of at least 67 MeVfm is required to allow hadronic neutron stars to survive as metastable objects alongside stable strange quark stars in the two-families scenario.
This paper derives a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem and a model-independent Einstein relation for vector fields in rotating thermal equilibrium, revealing rotation-induced tensorial corrections and a new mechanism for heavy quarkonium orbital polarization linked to spectral zero modes.
This paper introduces a finite-dimensional Hilbert-space analogy using Dirac notation to mathematically model bisexual attraction and gender identity trajectories, while explicitly clarifying that the framework is a conceptual tool rather than a physical theory or measurement procedure for human sexuality.
This paper presents a nonlinear self-consistent two-sheath circuit model for low-pressure capacitively coupled plasmas that dynamically treats both boundary sheaths and the plasma bulk to accurately describe the behavior of both symmetric and asymmetric discharges, including their harmonic generation and self-bias characteristics.
This paper presents exploratory finite element simulations demonstrating that microwave-based volumetric additive manufacturing systems, utilizing devices like linear resonators and cross interferometers, can engineer precise thermal lattices to selectively sinter ceramic, metal, or composite powders, thereby extending VAM capabilities beyond the limitations of current photo-polymerizing resin technologies.
This paper reviews bioinspired strategies that leverage natural photonic structures to enhance the efficiency of capturing, converting, and recycling mid-infrared thermal radiation for sustainable energy solutions.
This paper demonstrates a scalable, comb-free method for stabilizing and transferring frequency between lasers separated by 85 GHz using a single passive fiber interferometer with code-based multiplexing, achieving sub-kHz/ transferred noise and differential fractional stability at 1 second.
Using vacuum-ultraviolet transient absorption spectroscopy on aligned carbon dioxide molecules, researchers resolved interleaved Renner-Teller-mixed vibronic states of distinct electronic symmetries ( and ) by mapping molecular-frame anisotropy and discovered that the parallel states dephase faster than the perpendicular states due to differences in their excited-state potential energy surface topologies.
This randomized, double-blind, crossover study demonstrates that a single dose of lisdexamfetamine produces stronger and more extensive normalization of fronto-striato-thalamic and posterior brain activation, along with improved task performance, compared to guanfacine in youth with ADHD during executive function tasks.
This study of 578 clinical high-risk youth demonstrates that maladaptive core schemas prospectively predict worsening psychotic symptoms and functional decline, while positive schemas predict improvement, highlighting schemas as bidirectional, modifiable treatment targets that extend cognitive models of psychosis.
This paper systematically evaluates RNN and Transformer models for dMRI tractography, introducing a novel generation-validation training strategy that achieves state-of-the-art performance on benchmark datasets while providing critical insights into model limitations and future research directions.
This paper presents a novel multi-scale model demonstrating that individual behavioral changes driven by personal symptom severity, rather than population-level case counts, delay and lower influenza epidemic peaks while maintaining a trajectory qualitatively similar to standard SEIR models.
This paper introduces the RED-2400 family v2, a publicly available, reproducible corpus of five Solana and cross-chain microstructure datasets collected over a 57-day period in 2026 using only free-tier public feeds, designed to lower data barriers and complement existing Ethereum-centric research.
This paper presents a Monte Carlo-based framework that integrates NGFS climate scenarios into a structural credit risk model to simulate obligor default probabilities and optimize loan portfolio allocation, thereby enabling banks to link climate transition and physical risks to forward-looking credit risk outcomes and stress testing.
The paper introduces POLYMECHANON, a code-agnostic graph neural network decoder that utilizes only the detection error model as input to achieve superior performance and real-time efficiency across diverse quantum codes and noise models, while demonstrating strong generalization within known code families.
This paper establishes a generalized quantum Stein lemma for i.i.d. normal states against convex, tensor-stable families on arbitrary von Neumann algebras, demonstrating that the worst-case type-II error exponent is achieved by the regularized relative entropy with a strong converse under the assumption of finite relative entropy.
This structured review of AI text detection tools reveals that their high false positive rates, particularly for non-native English and Arabic-English bilingual students in Gulf universities, render them unreliable for disciplinary enforcement and necessitate immediate policy reform.
This study demonstrates that a neuroeducation program based on the LIRRA model, which utilizes reiterative implicit exposure to lexical phrases in engaging, reward-stimulating online sessions, significantly enhances L2 automatization, speed, and acquisition for intermediate young adult learners.
This paper establishes Kantorovich duality and proves the existence of optimal dual potentials within the class of mutually -conjugate families for multimarginal optimal transport with bounded continuous costs, covering both compact metric spaces and non-compact Polish spaces under a support-splitting condition.
This paper introduces a new subclass of colored Gaussian graphical models called Color Elimination-Regular (CER) models, characterized by Block-Cholesky and Diagonally Commutative Block-Cholesky spaces, which enable closed-form normalizing constants and efficient Bayesian structure learning through finite product formulas.