Revealing chiral-odd two-meson generalized distribution amplitudes in ee+(ππ)(ππ)e^- e^+ \to (\pi \pi) (\pi \pi) reactions

This paper demonstrates that chiral-odd dimeson generalized distribution amplitudes, which encode the spin-orbit correlation in spin-zero mesons, can be experimentally accessed in ee+(ππ)(ππ)e^- e^+ \to (\pi \pi)(\pi \pi) reactions through the interference between leading one-photon and two-photon exchange amplitudes, offering a direct path to probe this previously unmeasured sector of meson structure at facilities like BES III.

Shohini Bhattacharya, Renaud Boussarie, Bernard Pire, Lech Szymanowski2026-04-14⚛️ hep-lat

The color force acting on a quark in the pion and nucleon

This paper utilizes the instanton liquid model enhanced by correlated instanton-anti-instanton pairs to derive and analyze the transverse distribution of the color Lorentz force acting on quarks in pions and nucleons, demonstrating that these force form factors are intimately related to gravitational and transversity form factors and yield results for nucleons consistent with recent lattice QCD calculations.

Wei-Yang Liu, Edward Shuryak, Ismail Zahed2026-04-14⚛️ hep-lat

Understanding the structure of nucleon excitations from their wavefunctions

This paper utilizes approximately 4000 lattice QCD propagators on a heavy pion ensemble to analyze relativistic nucleon wavefunctions, revealing that the observed node structure in the spectrum arises from two distinct mechanisms: "superposition nodes" created by combining interpolating fields and novel "built-in nodes" inherent to the s-wave Dirac components of individual fields.

Jackson A. Mickley, Waseem Kamleh, Derek B. Leinweber, Finn M. Stokes2026-04-14⚛️ hep-lat

Scalable Generative Sampling and Multilevel Estimation for Lattice Field Theories Near Criticality

This paper introduces a multiscale generative sampler that combines conditional Gaussian mixture models and masked continuous normalizing flows to overcome critical slowing down in lattice field theories, achieving significantly reduced autocorrelation times and enabling unbiased Multilevel Monte Carlo variance reduction for the two-dimensional scalar ϕ4\phi^4 theory near criticality.

A. Singha, J. Kauffmann, E. Cellini, K. Jansen, S. Nakajima2026-04-14⚛️ hep-lat

SU(2) gauge theory with one and two adjoint fermions towards the continuum limit

This paper presents an extended lattice study of SU(2) gauge theories with one and two adjoint fermion flavors, utilizing multiple methods to demonstrate that both theories reside in the conformal window with chiral symmetry unbroken, yielding continuum-limit anomalous dimensions of approximately 0.170 and 0.291, respectively.

Andreas Athenodorou, Ed Bennett, Georg Bergner, Pietro Butti, Julian Lenz, Biagio Lucini2026-04-13⚛️ hep-lat

Scaling flow-based approaches for topology sampling in SU(3)\mathrm{SU}(3) gauge theory

This paper presents a methodology combining open boundary conditions with non-equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations and Stochastic Normalizing Flows to effectively mitigate topological freezing and enable efficient topology sampling in the continuum limit of four-dimensional SU(3) Yang-Mills theory.

Claudio Bonanno, Andrea Bulgarelli, Elia Cellini, Alessandro Nada, Dario Panfalone, Davide Vadacchino, Lorenzo Verzichelli2026-04-13⚛️ hep-lat

Improved Standard-Model predictions for η()+\eta^{(\prime)}\to \ell^+ \ell^-

This paper presents improved Standard Model predictions for the rare dilepton decays η()+\eta^{(\prime)}\to \ell^+\ell^- by leveraging recent advances in transition form factor calculations and a robust dispersive evaluation of subleading contributions, yielding precise branching fractions that reveal a mild tension with experimental data for ημ+μ\eta\to\mu^+\mu^- and provide new constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model.

Noah Messerli, Martin Hoferichter, Bai-Long Hoid, Simon Holz, Bastian Kubis2026-04-13⚛️ hep-lat

Capturing the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index from the lattice

This paper presents a lattice gauge theory formulation that successfully captures the continuum Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index for Dirac operators on domains with compact boundaries by exploiting its equivalence to the spectral flow of generalized domain-wall fermion operators, proving its validity for sufficiently small lattice spacings.

Shoto Aoki, Hajime Fujita, Hidenori Fukaya, Mikio Furuta, Shinichiroh Matsuo, Tetsuya Onogi, Satoshi Yamaguchi2026-04-13⚛️ hep-lat

Exact SL(2,Z)-Structure of Lattice Maxwell Theory with θ\theta-term in Modified Villain Formulation

This paper demonstrates that lattice Maxwell theory with a θ\theta-term in a modified Villain formulation exhibits an exact SL(2,Z) duality by employing a non-local transformation within the S-transformation to eliminate non-locality in the absence of monopoles, resulting in a structure for Wilson loops that closely resembles that of non-spin Maxwell theory.

Shoto Aoki, Yoshio Kikukawa, Toshinari Takemoto2026-04-13⚛️ hep-lat

Lattice Realizations of Flat Gauging and T-duality Defects at Any Radius

Using modified Villain discretization on both Euclidean lattices and quantum chains, this paper demonstrates that non-invertible topological interfaces arising from flat gauging and T-duality in the two-dimensional compact boson survive discretization by generating non-compact edge modes with infinite quantum dimension, while also showing how these modes can be compactified at rational radii to yield standard defects with finite quantum dimension.

Riccardo Argurio, Giovanni Galati, Nathan Godechal2026-04-13⚛️ hep-lat

From binding and saturation to criticality in nuclear matter from lattice effective field theory

This study utilizes lattice effective field theory to demonstrate that while refined nuclear interactions improve zero-temperature binding and saturation properties, they also significantly lower the critical temperature of symmetric nuclear matter, establishing finite-temperature criticality as a distinct and essential benchmark for future interaction development.

Osman Agar, Zhengxue Ren, Serdar Elhatisari2026-04-13⚛️ nucl-ex