2548 papers
Mathematical physics sits at the fascinating intersection where abstract equations meet the fundamental laws of our universe. This field uses rigorous mathematical tools to model everything from the behavior of subatomic particles to the curvature of spacetime, turning complex theories into testable predictions. It is the language through which physicists describe reality, bridging the gap between pure mathematics and physical observation.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint published in this category on arXiv to make these dense studies accessible to everyone. Whether you are a specialist or a curious reader, you will find both plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries for each paper. Below are the latest mathematical physics papers from arXiv, curated to help you explore the cutting edge of theoretical science.
This paper proposes that the coffered grids of the Roman Pantheon and Hawksmoor's ceiling are generated by a conformal mapping (the inverse of Mercator's projection) that minimizes an energy functional, providing a parameter-free geometric explanation that aligns with empirical measurements and suggests feasible pre-modern construction methods.
This paper rigorously formulates the continuum limit for gapped bosonic phases using algebraic topology and category theory, revealing that while every continuum invertible phase admits a faithful crystalline realization, the mapping from crystalline to continuum phases is surjective but not injective, causing some distinct lattice topological data to collapse or vanish entirely.
This paper demonstrates that the bar-cobar construction for homotopy algebras reformulates the equations of motion for arbitrary gauge theories into universal quadratic Maurer-Cartan equations involving extended multilocal fields, where every solution is gauge-equivalent to a physical solution of the original theory.
This paper characterizes the minimizers in Gamow's liquid drop model, establishing conditions under which solutions exist without compromise.
This paper formulates a finite-proper-time construction for Euclidean scalar theory using a spectral operator calculus and complete-history diagrammatics, demonstrating that the retained endpoint scale yields a finite, momentum-dependent remainder in the one-loop four-point function that cannot be eliminated by standard renormalization or field redefinitions, thereby distinguishing it from arbitrary cutoff prescriptions.
This paper extends Marklof and Rudnick's equidistribution result for eigenfunctions of rational polygons to off-diagonal elements by leveraging the weak mixing of the directional billiard flow, while also offering an alternative proof for the 2-torus case.
This paper proves that half-space constrained Riesz gases exhibit a confinement transition where the equilibrium measure shifts from retaining a bulk component to being entirely supported on the wall, depending on whether the interaction parameter falls within the weakly or strongly long-ranged regimes.
This paper derives quantum inequalities, which bound the magnitude and duration of negative energy density in quantum field theory, directly from the second law of thermodynamics by analyzing the heat loss of a small thermal detector coupled to the field and constrained by the non-negativity of entanglement entropy.
This paper demonstrates that coherence transfers which are individually optimal cannot generally be achieved simultaneously by a single thermodynamic process due to fundamental compatibility constraints arising from energy conservation, trace preservation, and Gibbs preservation, a conclusion supported by both analytic bounds and computer-assisted semidefinite programming.
This paper derives and implements a novel set of sheath boundary conditions for drift-kinetic simulations in a linear plasma device using a gyromoment approach, demonstrating that these conditions significantly increase plasma outflow and reduce overall plasma density compared to previous ad hoc methods.