1652 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
New high-precision measurements of the helicity-dependent cross sections for protons and deuterons in the 200–1400 MeV photon energy range, obtained at the MAMI facility, have been used to verify the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule for the proton, neutron, and deuteron while providing a critical benchmark for theoretical models of nucleon structure.
This paper demonstrates that a renormalization-group-invariant power counting scheme in chiral effective field theory, treating subleading two-nucleon interactions perturbatively and calibrating with the triton binding energy, enables robust NLO predictions for the ground-state energies of H, He, and Li.
This paper presents a minimal, resource-efficient framework for digitally simulating SU() pure Yang-Mills theory in 3+1 dimensions by combining an orbifold lattice protocol with simplified Hamiltonians and SU(2) embedding techniques, while validating these analytical improvements through Monte Carlo benchmarks to support practical quantum simulation of non-Abelian gauge theories.
Using Monte Carlo simulations of two-dimensional two-state and three-state Potts models, this study investigates the hierarchy of higher-order cumulant ratios near criticality and finds that, contrary to theoretical predictions for QCD, the specific ordering observed by the STAR experiment does not generically emerge in these finite statistical systems undergoing second-order phase transitions.
Using an exact Andreev soft-wall holographic model, this study reveals that relativistic rotation exceeding 16% of the speed of light induces crossover phase transitions in low-density rotating QCD matter up to a critical baryon chemical potential of approximately 363.55 MeV, beyond which first-order transitions dominate.
This paper demonstrates for the first time that neural simulation-based inference (NSBI) can effectively constrain proton parton distribution functions using high-dimensional, unbinned LHC data, achieving significantly improved precision over traditional binned analyses by fully exploiting statistical power and reducing reliance on coarse uncertainty approximations.
This paper presents a global Bayesian analysis of unpolarized quark transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions using Drell-Yan data at and accuracy, leveraging AI-driven functional form selection and machine-learning emulators to enable efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling and quantify uncertainties.
This study employs a novel Bayesian framework, utilizing a comprehensive posterior distribution of nuclear matter parameters derived from nuclear structure data, to construct unified neutron star equations of state that satisfy astrophysical constraints and predict increased surface thickness and crustal moment of inertia.
This paper utilizes the energy-dependent hotspot model with various nuclear shape prescriptions to predict cross sections for coherent and incoherent diffractive vector meson ( and J/) photo-production in oxygen-oxygen and neon-neon ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC, demonstrating that simultaneous measurements of these processes can constrain nuclear models and probe the gluon-saturation regime.
This paper investigates the moat regime in dense QCD matter using a renormalized two-flavor quark-meson model, demonstrating that the regime's extent critically depends on quark-meson interactions and that a specific renormalization scheme is essential for obtaining reliable, consistent results.