1122 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This study utilizes the string-melting AMPT model to demonstrate that in symmetric nuclear collisions at 200 GeV, charge-dependent directed flow splitting exhibits a distinct baryon-meson dichotomy driven by transported quarks during the partonic phase, with significant system-size dependence at high transverse momentum that establishes a baseline for interpreting electromagnetic field effects.
This paper proposes a non-perturbative analytical framework for QCD based on a mass gap derived from tadpole/seagull terms, which yields a singular gluon propagator that explains color confinement, linear quark potentials, and scale violations by revealing a more complex dynamical and gauge structure in the QCD ground state than suggested by standard Lagrangian symmetries.
This paper non-perturbatively evaluates the parity-violating spin asymmetry and its QED corrections for elastic electron scattering from spin-zero nuclei across a wide energy range, demonstrating that low-lying nuclear excited states significantly impact low-energy backward-angle scattering but yield negligible dispersive contributions at GeV energies relevant to the PREx experiment.
This paper benchmarks three exclusive nuclear ground-state shell models implemented in the NEUT neutrino event generator against recent JSNS measurements of missing energy from a monoenergetic neutrino beam, finding that spectral function models outperform relativistic mean field models and that accounting for missing energy thresholds allows all tested nuclear models to be statistically accepted.
This paper employs a symmetry-preserving vector-vector contact interaction to calculate the four kaon transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs), offering insights into the roles of emergent hadron mass, Higgs-boson coupling effects on strange quark mass, gauge link models regarding positivity constraints, and scale-evolution impacts on the Boer-Mulders function.
This paper presents a universal worldline framework for efficiently computing the N-th rank QED polarization tensor by expressing it through a reduced set of "head" form factors whose number scales exponentially rather than factorially, thereby bypassing traditional tensor reductions and explicitly reproducing known on-shell results while extending them to the fully off-shell case.
This paper employs a Bayesian analysis of a general Walecka-type model to demonstrate that pure hadronic matter, through specific meson mixing, can naturally generate a peak in sound velocity—a feature often linked to phase transitions—thereby offering a new microscopic explanation for the structure of both medium and massive neutron stars without invoking exotic phases.
This paper presents a parameter-free microscopic multiple scattering model based on the distorted-wave approximation and ab initio nuclear densities to successfully describe inelastic proton scattering off C across a range of energies, demonstrating the reliability of extending elastic scattering formalisms to inelastic transitions.
This paper presents a novel deep convolutional neural network-enhanced Bayesian global analysis of relativistic heavy-ion collisions that significantly reduces computational costs to constrain QCD matter properties, revealing a temperature-dependent shear viscosity plateau and non-zero bulk viscosity while confirming that hydrodynamic freeze-out occurs at the expected applicability limit.
This paper proposes a discovery-grade framework for detecting sub-MeV dark matter by searching for correlated "satellite-line combs"—multiple weak -ray lines shifted by a common energy offset below known neutron-capture transitions—using high-resolution HPGe detectors to suppress nuclear and instrumental backgrounds.