1401 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
Using a 4HEX action to achieve the continuum limit, this study presents the first lattice QCD calculation of fourth-order electric charge fluctuations, revealing a persistent tension with the hadron resonance gas model that is only partially mitigated by including light meson interactions and suggesting a future LHC measurement of the ratio to resolve the discrepancy.
This paper presents a large-scale shell-model investigation of two-neutrino double electron capture in Ba and Kr, providing updated nuclear matrix elements and half-life predictions based on validated effective interactions to support future experimental efforts.
Using an improved AMPT model, this study demonstrates that the coalescence mechanism is essential for accurately reproducing the enhanced ratio observed in Au+Au collisions at RHIC, whereas fragmentation alone fails to capture this trend.
This paper proposes a data-constrained method using blast-wave fits to charged hadron spectra to predict the low- ratio, thereby significantly reducing background uncertainties for direct-photon and dilepton measurements in heavy-ion collisions.
This paper investigates the analytic structure of the QCD phase diagram by treating temperature as a complex variable, combining universal critical scaling, effective models, and lattice-QCD data to locate the nearest Yang-Lee edge singularities and establish a consistency test for critical-point searches via the relationship between complex-temperature and complex-chemical-potential trajectories.
This paper utilizes QCD sum rules to analyze one-nucleon matrix elements of various axial and pseudoscalar currents, expressing their coupling constants in terms of quark and gluon operators and parton distribution moments while notably addressing the previously overlooked nucleon matrix element of the axial anomaly.
This study extends the dynamical quasiparticle model to include inelastic gluon-radiation processes, finding that while these radiative channels systematically reduce transport coefficients like shear viscosity and electric conductivity compared to elastic-only results, the effect remains moderate in the thermal regime and yields predictions compatible with lattice-QCD estimates at zero baryon chemical potential.
This paper demonstrates that machine learning and deep learning models can accurately classify compact stars as neutron stars or quark stars based on observable macroscopic properties like mass, radius, and tidal deformability, offering a promising tool for probing dense matter composition while noting the need for further validation with hybrid and exotic matter scenarios.
This paper presents the first calculation of heavy quark transport and thermal dilepton production in a QGP using second-order viscous corrections derived from the Chapman-Enskog expansion, revealing that these corrections significantly suppress drag forces and enhance early-time dilepton yields while demonstrating that observable modifications depend on the complex interplay between correction magnitude, momentum dependence, and the specific momentum weighting of each observable.
This paper presents a comprehensive general relativistic study of how gravitationally bound dark matter admixed with neutron stars modifies fundamental -mode oscillation frequencies and damping times, establishing new asteroseismic universal relations and deriving multimessenger constraints from the GW170817 event.