951 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This paper investigates the energy loss of high-energy partons in anisotropic plasmas within the harmonic approximation, deriving a simple formula for the impact of anisotropy and demonstrating that the resulting medium length dependence exhibits universal limiting attractor characteristics consistent with QCD kinetic theory simulations.
Based on recent lattice evidence and 't Hooft anomaly constraints, this paper proposes that the chiral phase transition in hot QCD for massless flavors may be described by a conformal manifold of -dependent universality classes featuring an exactly marginal operator related to baryon density, rather than a standard Ginzburg-Landau critical point.
This paper investigates how rotation influences the anisotropic shear viscosity and electrical conductivity of strongly interacting matter by employing kinetic theory within Hadron Resonance Gas and Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models, revealing that rotation suppresses chiral condensates, generates a sizable Hall-like conductivity, and reduces transport coefficients relative to isotropic cases.
This paper introduces a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation with logarithmic density-dependent coupling to model 2D attractive Bose systems, enabling the theoretical analysis of quantum droplets, breathing modes, quench dynamics, and universal excited states while providing a robust framework for future experimental investigations.
This study demonstrates that while Monte Carlo neutrino transport in neutron star mergers confirms thermalization in hot, dense regions, significant non-equilibrium deviations in moderately warm zones reveal that energy-averaged agreement with thermal assumptions is insufficient for accurately predicting weak interaction rates and composition evolution.
This paper demonstrates that incorporating Urca processes involving parity partners of nucleons and hyperons within a parity doublet model significantly improves the agreement between neutron star cooling simulations and observed surface temperatures and ages.
This study utilizes a covariant statistical fireball model to analyze Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies, revealing that longitudinal flow induces a kinematic degeneracy that artificially elevates kinetic freeze-out temperatures above the QCD crossover limit, thereby suggesting large longitudinal velocities are physically disfavored, while simultaneously identifying a net baryon density maximum below 11.5 GeV enhanced by dynamical flow.
This study investigates the deformation properties of the Ru isotopes using Covariant Density Functional Theory and a phenomenological Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian, revealing a shape phase transition, evidence of shape coexistence and mixing among various configurations, and explaining -band staggering through these mixing effects.
Using the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory, this study reveals that in well-deformed odd- Bk isotopes, oblate shapes yield larger charge radii than prolate ones due to a central proton density depression caused by the non-occupation of the orbital, thereby establishing a microscopic link between nuclear shape, single-particle occupancy, and nuclear size.
This study utilizes an improved multi-phase transport model to analyze Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC, finding that while anisotropic flow measurements can exclude large neutron skins in Pb, they exhibit a geometric degeneracy that limits their ability to precisely distinguish between zero and moderate neutron skin values.