1145 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This paper critically examines a recent analysis claiming evidence for a QCD critical end point via finite-size scaling of net-proton cumulants, highlighting methodological issues regarding acceptance windows, multiplicity scaling, and thermodynamic fields that must be addressed for a consistent interpretation.
This paper introduces a Bayesian-inspired model-averaging framework that combines abrasion-ablation calculations from multiple nuclear mass tables to generate statistically weighted predictions and uncertainty estimates for rare-isotope production cross sections, thereby improving accuracy for both interpolation and limited extrapolation in proton-rich fragmentation regimes.
This paper investigates how the neutron star equation of state and magnetar mass influence the ejecta properties and light curves of "novae breves"—short-lived optical transients from magnetar giant flares—demonstrating that these features are detectable with current and future facilities, thereby offering a promising method to probe neutron star crusts.
This paper revisits radiative corrections to elastic electron-carbon scattering cross sections by incorporating transient nuclear excitations and nonperturbative QED effects, finding that while the model qualitatively agrees with experimental data at the lowest energy, it fails to account for dispersion at higher energies.
This paper reports the first direct observation of three-neutron emission from He, identifying a resonance-like structure consistent with sequential decay via He and finding no evidence for a trineutron resonance or significant three-neutron correlations beyond standard two-body interactions.
This paper demonstrates that gluon Bose enhancement in the nuclear wave function significantly increases the cross section for incoherent diffractive dijet production when the jets have equal and aligned transverse momenta, an effect that persists and is amplified by JIMWLK evolution in both dilute and dense regimes.
This paper proposes that the fragmentation of nuclear remnants in high-energy electron-nucleus collisions is a nonextensive process, utilizing partitioning methods and Tsallis statistics to predict multiplicity distributions for excited nuclei like Be, C, and O while highlighting potential deviations caused by -cluster structures.
This paper presents a fully analytic hydrodynamic model incorporating a lattice-QCD-consistent equation of state to describe thermal photon production across the quark-hadron transition, demonstrating good agreement with PHENIX experimental data for Au+Au collisions at GeV and enabling the investigation of initial temperature centrality dependence.
Using QCD sum rules, this paper investigates triquark-antitriquark hexaquark configurations to interpret the BESIII-observed and states, finding that two predicted candidates match the experimental masses while offering new predictions for and states and analyzing their decay modes.
This study demonstrates that the presence of sexaquark dark matter, hyperons, and quark matter in neutron stars systematically alters the quasi-universal relations of their fundamental (-mode) oscillations, suggesting that precise future gravitational-wave measurements of these modes could serve as clear signatures for detecting exotic matter and dark matter in stellar interiors.