951 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This paper analyzes nuclear matter properties and neutron star structures using an extended linear sigma model, demonstrating that the introduction of the meson creates a plateau in symmetry energy consistent with experimental constraints, while a negative pion-nucleon sigma term is required to achieve a stiff equation of state capable of supporting massive neutron stars.
This paper develops a quantum kinetic theory for Quantum Chromodynamics that incorporates leading-order collision terms to reproduce the Boltzmann equation at lowest order and predict spin polarization of quarks and gluons at next order, revealing distinct behaviors for vortical versus non-vortical gradients and a mechanism for spin-orbital angular momentum conversion via inelastic collisions.
This paper identifies fluorine-based compounds, particularly octafluoropropane, as optimal targets for measuring subleading axial-vector contributions in coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, demonstrating that such experiments could determine the axial coupling at the level and probe spin-dependent new physics.
This review examines the fundamental principles of thermal field theory in a background magnetic field, focusing on equilibrium systems to analyze bulk thermodynamic properties and real-time observables relevant to the thermo-magnetic QCD plasma in heavy-ion collisions.
This paper defends Large-Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET) against recent claims that it suffers from an unquantifiable inverse problem, arguing that physics-guided systematic extrapolation remains the most reliable method for estimating uncertainties in parton distribution calculations even when lattice data precision is suboptimal.
This paper reviews how recent advancements in Large Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET), including improved renormalization schemes, higher-order matching kernels, and novel lattice operators, are enhancing the precision and reliability of first-principles lattice QCD calculations for proton parton distributions.
This paper presents the first lattice calculation of a two-to-two particle matrix element using pionless effective field theory to demonstrate that while finite-volume formalism is unnecessary for deep-bound states, it is critical for accurately determining the infinite-volume elastic form factors and charge radii of shallow-bound states like the deuteron.
This paper derives exact evolution equations for spin potentials in perfect-fluid spin hydrodynamics on Grozdanov's hyperbolic () expanding background, revealing distinct dynamical features such as stronger spin localization and oscillatory azimuthal decay that differentiate it from the well-known Gubser flow.
This paper derives the one-point energy correlator for deep inelastic scattering in the small- limit using the Color Glass Condensate framework, demonstrating that it serves as a clean, nonperturbative-free probe of gluon saturation dynamics with significant nuclear suppression effects relevant to the future Electron-Ion Collider.
This paper investigates how the Weinberg angle, a fundamental parameter in the Standard Model that may vary with environmental conditions, influences the Fermi coupling constant and consequently determines the initial neutron abundance in Big-Bang nucleosynthesis and the neutron lifetime.