1159 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This paper establishes the first fully nonlinear causality constraints for Israel-Stewart theory with energy and number diffusion in 3+1 dimensions, revealing distinct physical behaviors in Landau and Eckart frames that are missed by linearized approaches and demonstrating that these constraints allow for spacelike baryon currents in the Landau frame while preserving the dominant energy condition in the Eckart frame.
Using a three-fluid dynamics model with a crossover equation of state, this paper predicts a non-monotonic evolution of proton directed flow in Au+Au collisions between 4.5 and 7.7 GeV, characterized by a sign change and minimum at 7.2 GeV that signals the onset of the transition to quark-gluon plasma.
Using auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo simulations, this study provides precise thermodynamic benchmarks for the strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas, identifying signatures of a pseudogap regime where pairing correlations persist above the superfluid critical temperature.
This study utilizes the Kubo formalism and the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model to calculate the thermopower and Thomson coefficients of two-flavor quark matter, revealing that these thermoelectric coefficients increase linearly with temperature and decrease with chemical potential, thereby estimating the electric fields generated by thermal gradients in heavy-ion collisions.
The paper introduces "disperon QED," a novel method leveraging dispersion relations, automated tools like OpenLoops, effective field theory, and threshold subtraction to efficiently handle data input for hadronic vacuum polarization insertions in two-loop Monte Carlo calculations, specifically demonstrated through the process in McMule.
This paper presents a first-principles analysis of the renormalization group evolution of two-point energy-energy correlators in light-quark and gluon jets propagating through nuclear matter using the SCET opacity expansion, deriving medium-induced corrections to anomalous dimensions and demonstrating the potential of these observables to probe quark-gluon plasma dynamics in small collision systems like -Pb and O-O.
This paper establishes a unified theoretical framework demonstrating that proton-induced knockout reactions, particularly two-proton removal, serve as sensitive probes of neutron-skin thickness and the nuclear symmetry energy by exhibiting systematic decreases in cross sections and momentum widths as neutron excess increases.
This paper reviews how strong magnetic fields influence neutrino emission mechanisms, such as direct Urca and synchrotron processes, in dense quark matter within compact stars, highlighting the resulting anisotropic and oscillatory emissivity and its implications for magnetar cooling and pulsar kicks.
The authors defend the conclusions of their original article (arXiv:2412.12282) against criticisms raised in a subsequent comment (arXiv:2502.15817v2) regarding QCD factorization with multihadron fragmentation functions.
Using the Gaussian Expansion and Complex Scaling methods within a hadronic molecular framework, this study predicts the existence of robust, compact three-body bound states in the $DNN$ and systems driven by realistic nucleon-nucleon correlations and heavy-quark symmetry, while finding no three-body resonances.