187 papers
This collection explores the fundamental physics concepts that govern how matter and energy interact across the universe. From the invisible forces shaping our daily lives to the complex mechanics driving cosmic phenomena, these studies reveal the underlying rules of reality. Here, we translate cutting-edge research into insights anyone can understand, bridging the gap between abstract theory and tangible discovery.
Every new preprint in this category originates from arXiv, where researchers first share their latest findings with the global community. At Gist.Science, we process each of these submissions to provide both detailed technical summaries and clear, plain-language explanations. This dual approach ensures that whether you are a seasoned physicist or a curious learner, you can grasp the significance of every breakthrough without getting lost in dense equations.
Below are the latest papers in Class-Ph, freshly processed and ready for you to explore.
This paper presents a Hamiltonian framework for regularizing and linearizing central-force dynamics by introducing a new canonical extension of projective decomposition, which yields closed-form solutions for inverse-square and inverse-cubic forces while being numerically validated for the two-body problem with J2 perturbations.
This study reveals that a soft robotic arm modeled as a Cosserat rod in a viscous fluid exhibits a counterintuitive sequence of elastohydrodynamic instabilities, where increasing terminal pressure first triggers Hopf bifurcation-induced oscillations and then unexpectedly restores stability at a higher threshold.
This paper establishes a consistent thermomechanical framework for strongly nonlocal continua by deriving integral-type balance equations, conservation laws, and constitutive structures via the principle of virtual power to model size-dependent localization phenomena and prevent mesh dependence.
This paper addresses the need for efficient and precise calculations of inductive coupling in large arrays of wire ring resonators under non-quasistatic conditions by deriving a series expansion for generalized inductance and proposing a numerical approximation method validated through examples of loop pairs and metamaterial scattering.
This paper derives a canonical Lagrangian formulation for the two-dimensional Lotka-Volterra predator-prey system directly from its Hamiltonian, revealing a mechanical interpretation of the dynamics as a particle in a potential well with position-dependent damping or "revving," and verifies the construction by identifying the system's Hamiltonian as the conserved quantity via Noether's theorem.
This paper derives the electromagnetic radiation from an oscillating electric dipole orbiting a Kerr black hole using first-principles perturbation theory and develops a wave-optical imaging framework that reveals relativistic beaming, gravitational lensing, and polarization-dependent scattering effects beyond geometric optics.
This paper proposes an all-reflective, two-mirror faceted projection system for EUV lithography that achieves high numerical aperture () and significantly improved optical throughput by utilizing dedicated planar mirror pairs for each diffraction order, rigorous optical path equalization, and optimized multilayer coatings to resolve sub-10-nm features.
This paper theoretically and numerically demonstrates that beating two co-propagating laser pulses on a smooth cylindrical plasma-vacuum interface can resonantly excite high-amplitude surface plasmon wakefields via curvature-induced geometric effects, offering a pathway to portable laser-driven plasma accelerators using state-of-the-art gigawatt fiber lasers.
This paper derives the electromagnetic vacuum stress tensor for cubic crystals and amorphous solids by demonstrating its agreement between microscopic and phenomenological approaches, revealing a nontrivial constant unattainable via macroscopic electrodynamics, and showing that the transverse component in amorphous systems matches Peierls' result for liquids.
This paper experimentally demonstrates that the induced electromotive force in a thin metal rod within a Helmholtz coil's alternating magnetic field peaks at a specific off-center radial position where the rod partially extends beyond the coil, a phenomenon successfully explained and quantitatively validated through four theoretical magnetic field models.