Humic Substances as Master Regulators of Plant Stress Resilience: From Supramolecular Chemistry to Climate-Smart Agriculture
This review synthesizes recent advances to position humic substances as master regulators of plant stress resilience, elucidating their supramolecular chemistry, signaling mechanisms involving ROS and phytohormones, and tripartite interactions with the microbiome to guide the development of climate-smart agricultural biostimulants.