Gliricidia sepium hay a potential replacement for cotton seed cake concentrate as a source of protein: Effects on serum, rumen metabolites and nutrient digestibility of young bunaji bulls
This study demonstrates that replacing up to 50% of cottonseed cake with *Gliricidia sepium* hay in the diets of growing Bunaji bulls improves metabolic status, nitrogen retention, and rumen fermentation while maintaining nutrient digestibility, establishing it as a viable and sustainable alternative protein source.