1088 papers
This paper demonstrates that the threshold for primordial black hole formation in a radiation-dominated universe depends not only on the compaction function but also on the spatial curvature of the core, leading to a trichotomy of initial conditions (open, closed, or flat) that significantly influence formation probabilities, mass spectra, and the potential connection to Type-II black holes and the NanoGrav signal.
This paper theoretically demonstrates that primordial black holes acting as dark matter lenses can induce significant, frequency-dependent distortions in the stochastic gravitational-wave background, offering a novel method to constrain their mass and abundance through future observations.
Observations of the supernova remnant IC 443 by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) reveal high-energy gamma-ray emission extending beyond 30 TeV without a cutoff, providing compelling evidence that supernova remnant shocks can efficiently accelerate cosmic rays to sub-PeV energies.
This paper reports the successful development and testing of a large-area, optical-readout Time Projection Chamber that achieves high-precision directional imaging of low-energy electron recoils (10–60 keV), demonstrating its potential to extend X-ray polarimetry to higher energies for studying rapid astrophysical transients.
This paper proposes that exoplanets in the habitable zone can naturally evolve into retrograde rotation through a smooth, non-catastrophic process where atmospheric torques eventually overcome tidal torques, causing a bifurcation from synchronous rotation similar to the mechanism believed to have reversed Venus's spin.
This paper analytically derives and models the maximum offset of binary neutron star mergers from their host galaxies, finding it scales inversely with the seventh power of the host's escape velocity to aid in identifying hosts for non-coincident merger events.
This paper proposes a unified thermodynamic framework where cosmic acceleration emerges from an entropic force driven by a generalized mass-to-horizon scaling relation, and demonstrates through a comprehensive Bayesian analysis of multi-probe observational data that this entropic cosmology is statistically preferred over the standard CDM model.
This paper establishes theoretical mass limits for compact objects in deformed Hořava-Lifshitz gravity, demonstrating that both the uniform density and causal sound speed bounds converge at the extremal black hole horizon () within the Kehagias-Sfetsos vacuum solution.
This paper theoretically catalogs and quantifies the diffraction effects, interference patterns, and stellar diameter influences on central flashes during stellar occultations by solar system objects, providing specific analytical models for flash height and width under various atmospheric and observational conditions.
This study investigates dust attenuation and star formation rates in extragalactic structures formed by different interaction mechanisms, finding that despite their distinct origins, ram-pressure stripped tails and gravitationally induced rings or tidal tails exhibit notably similar dust content and star formation activity.
This study employs chemical kinetics models to demonstrate that an enhanced carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio is necessary to explain the observed hydrocarbon-rich chemistry in the inner disks of very low-mass stars, although a degeneracy between the C/O ratio and stellar X-ray luminosity remains.
This paper proposes a new physical model explaining the formation of active galactic nuclei dusty tori as collections of cold gas clumps vertically supported by radiation forces against gravity, a mechanism that naturally accounts for the absence of such tori in low-luminosity AGNs where accretion rates and disk luminosities fall below critical thresholds.
This paper proposes that X-ray plateaus in gamma-ray burst afterglows arise naturally from the hydrodynamics of stratified ultra-relativistic outflows, where a continuous distribution of Lorentz factors drives a long-lived reverse shock and a shallow forward shock decay without requiring late-time energy injection.
This White Paper advocates for a coordinated UK programme integrating high-precision observations, advanced theory, and machine learning to advance Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) seismology, thereby addressing critical solar physics challenges and enhancing space weather forecasting capabilities.
The ENGAWA simulations introduce fixed-volume refinement to achieve 200 pc resolution in Milky Way-like galaxies, revealing enhanced low-ion column densities and cold clouds that alleviate tensions between CGM simulations and observations while demonstrating smoother temperature transitions and improved consistency with observational data when accounting for stellar radiation.
The paper presents the TESS All-Sky Rotation Survey (TARS), a new homogeneous catalog containing rotation periods for 944,056 stars within 500 pc that significantly expands the available data for stellar age and activity studies while introducing methods to correct period aliases and providing open-source tools for further analysis.
This study predicts that the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's LSST will nearly double the current discovery rate of meter-size imminent Earth impactors to approximately 1–2 per year, with a median warning time of about 1.57 days, while also correcting the Northern Hemisphere bias of existing surveys by providing robust detection capabilities in the Southern Hemisphere.
This paper presents comprehensive GRMHD simulations of near-Eddington accretion onto stellar-mass black holes, revealing that magnetic field topology and black hole spin determine whether a system evolves into a thin thermal disk or a magnetically elevated disk, while also driving distinct wind and jet behaviors through coupled radiative and magnetic forces.
The paper proposes the Extremely Large Telescope Interferometer (ELTI), a novel concept for the 2040s that combines large-format SPAD imaging sensors with the ELT's segmented architecture to enable visible-light intensity interferometry, delivering milliarcsecond resolution and quantum-limited temporal sampling for unprecedented studies of stellar surfaces, compact objects, and exoplanets.
This paper presents revised reconstructions of total and spectral solar irradiance over the past four centuries using an updated physics-based SATIRE-T model that links magnetic field evolution to sunspot records, successfully reproducing satellite observations and revealing a secular increase in irradiance between the 17th and 21st centuries.