🔭 Category

astro-ph

164 papers

Astro-Ph explores the fundamental nature of our universe, from the birth of stars and the behavior of black holes to the vast structures of galaxies and the invisible forces shaping cosmic evolution. This dynamic field seeks to answer profound questions about how the cosmos works, blending theoretical models with observations from powerful telescopes that peer back to the dawn of time.

At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint uploaded to arXiv in this category as soon as it appears. Our team transforms these complex research papers into accessible content, offering both detailed technical breakdowns for experts and clear, plain-language summaries for curious minds. This ensures that the latest discoveries in astrophysics are understood by everyone, not just those inside the academic bubble.

Below are the most recent astro-ph preprints, each paired with our comprehensive analysis to help you navigate the cutting edge of cosmic research.

🔭 astrophysics

Hard Symplectic Graph Neural ODEs for Scalable Trajectory Reconstruction in Perturbed Relativistic N-Body Celestial Swarms: Scaling to One Million Bodies with Empirical NASA Ephemerides

This paper introduces SympG-NODE, a structure-preserving Graph Neural ODE framework that leverages symplectic geometry and equivariant graph networks to achieve scalable, high-accuracy trajectory reconstruction for perturbed relativistic N-body celestial swarms of up to one million bodies while strictly conserving Hamiltonian invariants and overcoming the phase-drift limitations of standard Physics-Informed Neural Networks.

Quan Van2026-10-14
🔭 astrophysics

SympGal-NODE: Continuous-Time Symplectic Neural ODEs for Relativistic Stellar Swarms: Predicting Escape Times, Exit Trajectories, and Tidal Horizons

The paper introduces SympGal-NODE, a structure-preserving geometric deep learning framework that combines exact relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics with equivariant graph neural networks and symplectic neural ODEs to efficiently and accurately predict escape trajectories, timescales, and tidal horizons for massive relativistic stellar swarms while overcoming the computational and physical limitations of classical integrators.

Quan Van2026-10-14
🔭 astrophysics

Substorm Triggering Processes During Different Phases of Geomagnetic Storms: A Case Study

This study utilizes multi-source observations to demonstrate that the mechanisms triggering substorm expansion phases vary depending on the geomagnetic storm phase, with solar wind dynamic pressure and IMF southward turning driving onset during the initial phase, while delayed IMF southward turning characterizes the recovery phase, suggesting distinct processes compared to non-storm conditions.

Niu Liu, Yonghui Ma2026-10-13
🔭 astrophysics

A celestial clock model links the Giza pyramid plan with chambers and the Great Sphinx

This paper proposes and tests a celestial clock model suggesting that the Giza pyramid complex and the Great Sphinx encode a specific astronomical alignment around 2562 BCE, with Cygnus–Deneb as the primary stellar reference, thereby supporting a hypothesis of reproducible proportional design linking the site's architecture to celestial time.

Lucas Giovani Ribeiro, Marcos André Simonssini2026-10-12
🔭 astrophysics

Two-Component Covariance-Aware Uncertainty Calibration for Demosaiced One-Shot-Color Aperture Photometry

This paper introduces an efficient two-component uncertainty calibration method for demosaiced one-shot-color aperture photometry that combines linear covariance propagation with a field-level residual factor to correct the underestimation of measurement errors, thereby achieving nominal 95% coverage and standardized residual dispersion near unity across various demosaicing algorithms and observational conditions.

Jinxuan Liu, Xurui Zhang2026-10-12
🔭 astrophysics

Polarized optical emission reveals a tidal disruption event jet

This paper reports that optical polarimetric observations of the off-nuclear tidal disruption event AT2024tvd, which revealed a high intrinsic polarization of 24.4% coinciding with X-ray and radio flares, provide definitive evidence for the presence of a relativistic jet, demonstrating that polarimetry can uncover hidden jet activity in TDEs.

Alberto Floris, Ioannis Liodakis, Karri Koljonen, Kari Nilsson, Elina Lindfors, Odelia Teboul, Alessandro Paggi, Dmitry (…)2026-10-09
🔭 astrophysics

A barrier shielding geostationary orbit from relativistic killer electrons

This study demonstrates that a magnetic transport barrier prevents relativistic "killer" electrons, which are accelerated outside Earth's radiation belts during plasma injections, from penetrating and replenishing the geostationary orbit, revealing that particle acceleration and accessibility are distinct physical processes.

Xiao-Jia Zhang, Anton Artemyev, Xinlin Li, Mikhail Sitnov, Yukitoshi Nishimura, Sergei Kamaletdinov, Yoshizumi Miyoshi (…)2026-10-09
🔭 astrophysics

Investigating FLAME-Inferred Stellar Mass and Evolutionary Stage in a Gaia DR3 Giant-Branch Catalogue Sample

This study demonstrates that the observed negative correlation between FLAME-inferred mass and evolutionary stage in a Gaia DR3 giant-branch sample is primarily a catalogue-level artifact of changing population composition within a magnitude-limited, model-derived dataset, rather than evidence of individual stellar mass loss or distinct physical populations.

Shivansh Ranjan Shrivastava2026-10-09