astro-ph papers | Gist.Science

The warm outer layer of a Little Red Dot as the source of [Fe II] and collisional Balmer lines with scattering wings

Analysis of deep JWST spectra of the luminous Little Red Dot FRESCO-GN-9771 reveals that its distinctive spectral features, including strong Balmer breaks, collisional Balmer lines with scattering wings, and optical [Fe II] emission, originate from a dense, warm, outflowing gas layer that obscures the central black hole and suggests its mass is significantly lower than virial estimates indicate.

Alberto Torralba, Jorryt Matthee, Gabriele Pezzulli + 22 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Euclid: Discovery of bright $z\simeq7$ Lyman-break galaxies in UltraVISTA and Euclid COSMOS

This paper presents the discovery of 289 high-redshift ( $z\simeq7$ ) Lyman-break galaxies using UltraVISTA and Euclid imaging in the COSMOS field, which are used to constrain the rest-frame UV luminosity function and demonstrate the synergistic potential of combining these datasets for identifying extreme sources in the Epoch of Reionization.

R. G. Varadaraj, R. A. A. Bowler, M. J. Jarvis + 163 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

A supermassive black hole under the radar: Repeating X-ray variability in a Seyfert galaxy

This paper reports the discovery of a supermassive black hole in the Coma cluster, J1257, which exhibits a rare 20-year history of repeating, short-timescale X-ray variability and distinct spectral states, suggesting it is a low-mass active galactic nucleus potentially displaying quasi-periodic oscillations or eruptions.

Matteo Imbrogno, Andrea Sacchi, Giovanni Miniutti + 4 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

On the origin of counterrotating stellar disks in TNG50. I

Using the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations, this study reveals that counterrotating stellar disks are rare but diverse structures in Milky Way-mass galaxies, primarily formed through the accretion of misaligned gas that triggers bursty in-situ star formation, thereby serving as valuable tracers of a galaxy's accretion history.

M. C. Bugueño, Facundo A. Gómez, Arianna Dolfi + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Modeling gravitational wave sources in the MillenniumTNG simulations

This paper introduces a flexible, parallel framework called Arepo-GW that integrates binary population synthesis with hydrodynamic simulations to generate gravitational wave event catalogs, demonstrating its application on the MillenniumTNG suite to reveal merger rates and progenitor properties consistent with current observations while highlighting specific discrepancies in binary black hole merger rates and redshift evolution.

Federico Marinacci, Marco Baldi, Giuliano Iorio + 5 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Revisiting the Orbital Dynamics of the Hot Jupiter WASP-12 b with New Transit Times

By analyzing a comprehensive dataset of 391 transit light curves, this study confirms the rapid orbital decay of the hot Jupiter WASP-12 b with a decay rate of $-31.97 \pm 0.80~\mathrm{ms~yr^{-1}}$ , supporting this mechanism as the primary cause of its observed timing deviations while also deriving a planetary Love number consistent with Jupiter's internal structure.

Shraddha Biswas, Ing-Guey Jiang, Li-Chin Yeh + 10 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Unveiling the evolution of the CO excitation ladder through cross-correlation of CONCERTO-like experiments and galaxy redshift surveys

This study demonstrates that cross-correlating CONCERTO-like millimeter-wave line-intensity mapping data with galaxy redshift surveys can accurately recover the cosmic CO excitation ladder and molecular gas density up to $z=3$ , although the specific CONCERTO experiment lacks the sensitivity to detect the required cross-power spectra.

Mathilde Van Cuyck, Matthieu Bethermin, Guilaine Lagache + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Optically thick winds of very massive stars suppress intermediate-mass black hole formation

This study demonstrates that optically thick winds in very massive stars significantly enhance mass loss, thereby suppressing the formation of intermediate-mass black holes via direct collapse at metallicities above $Z=0.001$ , a threshold one order of magnitude lower than previously predicted.

Stefano Torniamenti, Michela Mapelli, Lumen Boco + 3 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

A constant upper luminosity limit of cool supergiant stars down to the extremely low metallicity of I Zw 18

The paper argues that cool supergiants at extremely low metallicity are limited by a constant upper luminosity due to a metallicity-independent late-phase mass loss mechanism that strips hydrogen layers, allowing massive stars to evolve into hot, helium-rich objects capable of producing hard ionizing radiation and contributing to early Universe nitrogen enrichment.

Abel Schootemeijer, Ylva Götberg, Norbert Langer + 3 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Mapping the Perseus Galaxy Cluster with XRISM: Gas Kinematic Features and their Implications for Turbulence

By combining new and existing XRISM/Resolve observations to map the Perseus galaxy cluster out to ~0.7 $r_{2500}$ , this study reveals high velocity dispersions and a dipole-like bulk flow indicative of merger-driven turbulence and rotation, constraining the viewing angle and suggesting that turbulent cascade plays a significant role in converting merger energy within the intracluster medium.

Congyao Zhang, Irina Zhuravleva, Annie Heinrich + 19 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Thermodynamic and magnetic evolution of an eruptive C-class solar flare observed with SST/TRIPPEL-SP

Using high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations and advanced modeling, this study reveals that a C5.1 solar flare and filament eruption in NOAA 12561 was triggered by low-altitude magnetic reconnection in a sheared, high-energy precursor region, leading to significant atmospheric heating, downflows, and a 30% reduction in free energy as post-flare loops formed.

C. J. Díaz Baso, J. de la Cruz Rodríguez, H. -P. Doerr + 4 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

The slope and scatter of the star forming main sequence at z~5 : reconciling observations with simulations

Using JWST NIRCam grism spectroscopy of 316 H $\alpha$ -selected galaxies behind the Abell 2744 cluster, this study reveals that the star-forming main sequence at $z\sim5$ has a significantly shallower slope and potentially mass-dependent scatter than predicted by simulations, suggesting potential issues with SFR calibrations, the presence of quenched low-mass galaxies, or underestimated dust attenuation.

Claudia Di Cesare, Jorryt Matthee, Rohan P. Naidu + 17 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

A comprehensive grid of massive binary evolution models for the Galaxy - Surface properties of post-mass transfer stars

This paper presents a comprehensive grid of over 38,000 massive binary evolution models using MESA to characterize the diverse surface properties, evolutionary stages, and chemical abundances of post-mass transfer stars, providing a crucial tool for distinguishing binary interaction products from single stars and improving supernova progenitor identification.

Harim Jin, Norbert Langer, Andrea Ercolino + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Multi-messenger constraints on LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA gravitational wave binary black holes merging in AGN disks

This paper applies a statistical formalism to LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA gravitational wave and AGN flare data, finding that while less than 3% of binary black hole mergers likely produce observable electromagnetic counterparts, up to 40% could still originate in AGN disks, though individual coincidences are more likely due to background flares than true associations.

Tomás Cabrera, Antonella Palmese, Maya Fishbach2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Galactic bars and active galactic nucleus fuelling in the second half of cosmic history

This study utilizes deep learning to analyze HSC images up to $z\sim 0.8$ and finds that galactic bars contribute to fuelling low-to-moderate luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei, whereas major mergers remain the primary driver for the most powerful accretion events.

A. La Marca, M. T. Nardone, L. Wang + 3 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

The largest ground-based catalogue of M-dwarf flares

This paper presents the largest ground-based catalogue of 1,229 M-dwarf flares identified in Zwicky Transient Facility data, revealing correlations between flare frequency and spectral subtype or Galactic height while establishing a framework for future wide-field surveys.

A. D. Lavrukhina, B. Demkov, K. Malanchev + 2 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Mitigating gain calibration errors from EoR observations with SKA1-Low AA*

This paper presents a post-calibration mitigation strategy combining Gaussian Process Regression, Principal Component Analysis, and foreground avoidance to address residual foregrounds from gain calibration errors in SKA1-Low AA* observations, demonstrating that the 21-cm signal can be recovered within 2 $\sigma$ accuracy for calibration errors up to 1% across the $0.05 \leq k \leq 0.5 $Mpc$ ^{-1}$ scale range.

Eeshan Beohar, Abhirup Datta, Anshuman Tripathi + 2 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Breaking Eternal Inflation: Empirical Viability of a Spontaneous Collapse Scenario

This paper demonstrates that a spontaneous quantum collapse model, constrained by Planck 2018 data, successfully explains the origin of primordial cosmic structures and the low- $\ell$ CMB power anomaly while simultaneously eliminating the problem of eternal inflation.

María Pía Piccirilli, Gabriel León, Rosa-Laura Lechuga-Solis + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

An extremely fast fading population II dwarf nova candidate: caught spectroscopically on the rise

This paper presents AT2022kak, an extremely fast-evolving and faint dwarf nova candidate located in the Galactic thick disk, which is a rare potential Population II system identified through its rapid outbursts and spectroscopic characterization.

Natasha Van Bemmel, Jielai Zhang, Jeff Cooke + 14 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

StarDICE IV: correcting visible photometry from atmospheric gray extinction using thermal infrared observations

The StarDICE IV paper presents a method that utilizes simultaneous thermal infrared observations to correct visible photometry for atmospheric gray extinction, enabling ground-based surveys to achieve sub-percent calibration precision even under non-photometric conditions.

Kélian Sommer, Bertrand Plez, Johann Cohen-Tanugi + 11 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

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