astro-ph papers | Gist.Science

Constraining Quintessence Models with ISW-tSZ Cross-Correlations: A Comparative Analysis of Thawing, Tracker, and Scaling-Freezing Dynamics

This study utilizes ISW-tSZ cross-correlation data to constrain and compare thawing, tracker, and scaling-freezing quintessence models against the standard $\Lambda$ CDM cosmology, finding that while the thawing model provides the best fit, current observations remain consistent with $\Lambda$ CDM and highlight the need for future high-precision measurements to distinguish between these dark energy scenarios.

Ayodeji Ibitoye, Shiriny Akthar, Md. Wali Hossain + 5 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Appraising the Necklace: A post-common-envelope carbon dwarf inside an apparently carbon-poor planetary nebula

This study reveals a puzzling contradiction in the Necklace planetary nebula, where the central binary system's properties suggest a carbon-rich evolutionary history and an inflated carbon dwarf companion, yet the inner nebula observed via Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopy appears carbon-poor.

David Jones, Romano L. M. Corradi, Gustavo A. García Pérez + 15 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Massive dusty multiphase outflow in local merger shows no sign of slowing on kiloparsec scales

Using ALMA and VLT/MUSE observations, researchers characterize a massive, multi-phase outflow in the local merger IRAS20100-4156 driven by starburst activity that contains 40% of the system's molecular gas and shows no signs of deceleration over kiloparsec scales, suggesting ongoing acceleration mechanisms.

B. Hagedorn, C. Cicone, M. Sarzi + 2 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Asymptotic power spectra and visibilities of damped mixed modes

This study derives an analytical function based on the progressive wave picture to quantitatively link mixed mode visibilities and detectability to core damping rates in red giants, revealing that finite damping can mimic infinite damping effects and explaining observed populations with unusually low mode amplitudes.

Jonas Müller, Quentin Coppée, Jordan Van Beeck + 2 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

The kinematic cosmic dipole beyond Ellis and Baldwin

This paper generalizes the Ellis & Baldwin formula to arbitrary luminosity and spectral distributions, demonstrating that the anomalous cosmic dipole persists beyond power-law assumptions when applied to CatWISE quasar data, thereby providing a more robust framework for interpreting future dipole measurements.

Albert Bonnefous2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

MIGHTEE/COSMOS-3D: The discovery of three spectroscopically confirmed radio-selected star-forming galaxies at z=4.9-5.6

This study presents the discovery and spectroscopic confirmation of three high-redshift ( $z=4.9$ –$5.6$) radio-selected star-forming galaxies using MIGHTEE and JWST COSMOS-3D data, demonstrating that their dust-independent radio emission traces intense star formation rates consistent with the main sequence and potentially triggered by mergers, thereby opening a new window for studying early Universe star formation without dust bias.

R. G. Varadaraj, A. Saxena, S. Fakiolas + 10 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Long-term timing of the relativistic binary PSR J1906+0746

This study presents an 18-year timing analysis of the relativistic binary PSR J1906+0746 using data from six radio telescopes, yielding precise measurements of its orbital parameters and component masses consistent with a double neutron star system under general relativity, while also characterizing a large glitch and reporting a potential secular change in the projected semi-major axis that could indicate a massive, fast-rotating white dwarf companion.

L. Vleeschower, B. W. Stappers, M. J. Keith + 9 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Analysis of Galactic cirrus filaments in HSC-SSP high-resolution deep images using artificial neural networks

This study utilizes convolutional neural networks and ensemble learning on deep HSC-SSP images to identify significantly more Galactic cirrus filaments than previous surveys, revealing that sky background over-subtraction in coadd images dims faint objects near these structures and necessitating their inclusion in background estimation algorithms.

Denis M. Poliakov, Anton A. Smirnov, Sergey S. Savchenko + 6 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Search for Sub-Solar Mass Binaries in the First Part of LIGO's Fourth Observing Run

This paper reports the first sub-solar mass compact binary search using LIGO's O4a data, which found no significant candidates but established the tightest constraints to date on merger rates and local dark matter fractions, significantly improving upon previous limits from earlier observing runs and microlensing surveys.

Keisi Kacanja, Kanchan Soni, Aleyna Akyüz + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Cosmological Simulation with Population III Stellar Feedback and Metal Enrichment I: Model Description And Convergence Test

This paper presents a new, computationally efficient subgrid framework implemented in the {\sc arepo} code that successfully models Population III feedback and metal enrichment in early universe simulations, demonstrating convergence in star formation rates and metal distribution at high redshifts.

Bocheng Zhu, Liang Gao2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

ALMA Band 9 CO(6--5) Reveals a Warm Ring Structure Associated with the Embedded Protostar in the Cold Dense Core MC 27/L1521F

ALMA Band 9 observations of the MC 27/L1521F protostar reveal a previously undetected warm, dense, off-centered ring structure traced by high-excitation CO(6-5) emission, providing new insights into shock-heating and gas-magnetic field interactions during the earliest stages of star formation.

Kazuki Tokuda, Mitsuki Omura, Naoto Harada + 9 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Pre-perihelion Volatile Evolution of Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS Indicating Significant Contribution from Extended Source in the Coma

This paper presents multi-wavelength radio observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS that reveal a high CO/H₂O ratio and demonstrate that sublimation from an extended source within the coma accounts for up to 80% of the observed water production during its pre-perihelion phase.

Juncen Li, Xian Shi, Man-To Hui + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Simultaneous Double Transits of Phobos and Deimos as Seen from the Martian Surface: A Millennium Catalogue

This paper presents the first systematic catalogue of simultaneous solar transits of Phobos and Deimos from the Martian surface between 1600 and 2600 CE, identifying 8,565 grazing, 49 partial, and 17 full double transit events that are geometrically constrained to the Martian equator and equinoxes, while providing precise predictions for future occurrences and updated uncertainty estimates pending the JAXA MMX mission.

Samuel Cody2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Primordial Black Hole Formation in Rastall Gravity: Shifted Collapse Threshold and Exponential Abundance Sensitivity

This paper demonstrates that in Rastall gravity, the non-minimal coupling between matter and geometry significantly alters the collapse threshold and exponential abundance of primordial black holes, establishing them as sensitive probes for testing modified gravity theories within current cosmological constraints.

Mayukh R. Gangopadhyay2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Constraining the mass of the M31 ionized baryon Halo using CHIME/FRB Catalog 2

Using dispersion measures from 171 Fast Radio Bursts intersecting the Andromeda galaxy's halo compared to a control sample, this study constrains the mass of M31's ionized circumgalactic medium to approximately $1.86 \times 10^{11} M_\odot$, demonstrating the efficacy of FRBs as a tool for probing the baryon content of galactic halos.

Lordrick A. Kahinga, J. Xavier Prochaska, Sunil Simha + 21 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

The First Four Ground-Level Enhancements in the 1940s: Investigation, Digitisation, and Analysis of Forgotten Data

This study reconstructs and analyzes the first four ground-level enhancements (GLEs) from the 1940s by digitizing forgotten cosmic-ray data, revealing distinct temporal evolution patterns and spectral hardness characteristics for these historically missing events.

Hisashi Hayakawa, Stepan Poluianov, Sergey Koldobskiy + 4 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Long-term Spectroscopic Survey of the Hyades Cluster: The Binary Population

Based on a 45-year radial velocity survey of 625 stars in the Hyades cluster, this study characterizes the binary population by determining a 40% binary frequency, updating orbital parameters for over 100 systems, revising the tidal circularization period to approximately 5.9 days, and measuring the cluster's velocity dispersion and stellar gravitational/convective shifts.

Guillermo Torres, Robert P. Stefanik, David W. Latham2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

Parameterizations of the Hubble Constant: Logarithmic vs Power-Law Expansion from the Binned Master Sample of SNe Ia

This paper investigates the redshift dependence of the Hubble constant using binned Type Ia supernova data within the flat $\Lambda$ CDM framework, comparing logarithmic and power-law parameterizations that agree at low redshifts but diverge significantly when extrapolated to early cosmic epochs like BBN and inflation, with the logarithmic form predicting a finite redshift where the Hubble parameter vanishes while the power-law form approaches zero asymptotically.

Maria Giovanna Dainotti, Avik Banerjee, Andre' LeClair + 1 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

LCEz4-M1: A Lyman Continuum Emitter Candidate at z = 4.444 in the MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field

This paper reports the discovery of LCEz4-M1, the highest-redshift Lyman continuum emitter candidate to date at $z = 4.444$ , which exhibits a high escape fraction of ionizing photons likely driven by its compact starburst nature and potential minor interactions within an overdense environment.

Shuairu Zhu, Zhen-Ya Zheng, Fuyan Bian + 5 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

$\mathcal{H}$ -EFTCAMB: A Cobaya-Integrated, Python-Wrapped Extension of EFTCAMB for Covariant Horndeski Gravity

The paper introduces $\mathcal{H}$ -EFTCAMB, a publicly available, Cobaya-integrated Python extension of EFTCAMB that enables robust cosmological testing of arbitrary covariant Horndeski gravity theories through both EFT mapping and direct scalar field equation solving, the latter of which remains valid even in regimes where the EFT approach fails.

Gen Ye, Shijie Lin, Jiaming Pan + 6 more2026-03-04🔭 astro-ph

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