478 papers
This paper presents Monte Carlo simulations using McStas to optimize the upcoming NMX instrument at the European Spallation Source by implementing ray-splitting techniques and a new sampling method to improve event formation and assess environmental scattering effects for neutron protein crystallography.
By combining experiments on confined embryonic cells with a continuum model, this study reveals that aggregation-driven patterning is subject to a developmental time-size tradeoff, where the ability to maintain robust scaling is limited in larger systems due to the delayed coarsening dynamics required to form scaled patterns.
This study combines live-cell imaging with a novel dynamic mode decomposition-based kymograph analysis to demonstrate that the kinesin-3 motor KIF13B localizes to the ciliary membrane and regulates ciliary content without altering steady-state intraflagellar transport velocities, while uniquely maintaining transport stability even when retrograde dynein-2 function is inhibited.
This paper introduces KaML-ESMs, a sequence-based neural network framework that significantly outperforms traditional structure-based methods in predicting protein pKa values, thereby demonstrating that electrostatic properties are encoded in amino acid sequences and offering a powerful tool for biological exploration and protein engineering.
By applying the Mutation-Stability-Activity (MSA) model to 34 enzyme families, this study demonstrates that residue-dependent structural divergence profiles arise from a variable balance of mutation, stability, and activity constraints, revealing that these profiles encode specific information about the selective regimes governing enzyme evolution.
This study introduces a reaction-diffusion compartment model to mathematically analyze the transient pattern dynamics of mass-conserved systems, deriving reduced ODEs that reveal how boundary parameters influence pattern flux and can stabilize stripe patterns in ways not observed in the original continuous system.
By reanalyzing hyperthermal sarcomeric oscillations through a shared rephasing compass, this study reveals that local timing mismatches between neighboring sarcomeres are not random but follow a structured, edge-biased pattern that becomes clearly visible only after aligning cell-specific circular coordinates.
This study utilizes molecular dynamics simulations to reveal that water-mediated collagen contraction is driven by a specific sequence-dependent rule where oppositely charged side chains separated by four or more residues force backbone hydrogen bond rupture upon dehydration, thereby redefining collagen as an actively tuned mechanical element rather than a passive scaffold.
This study presents an integrated computational framework and experimental validation demonstrating how cell-cell adhesion, motility, and background stiffness collectively govern the phase behavior of cellular self-assembly and migration, revealing that moderate motility and specific adhesion levels are critical for optimal multicellular cluster formation.
This study elucidates the mechanism of superinfection exclusion in bacteriophage T5 by determining the NMR structure of the viral lipoprotein Llp and characterizing how its binding to the FhuA receptor induces a two-step conformational rearrangement that blocks further viral infection.
This study utilizes single-molecule techniques, specifically smFRET and high-resolution optical tweezers, to comprehensively investigate the molecular mechanisms and dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase transcription from initiation to termination.
The paper proposes a two-stage supervised framework combining U-Net-based semantic segmentation and CNN regression to accurately detect and characterize cell division events in 2D and 3D time-lapse microscopy, achieving high performance that approaches manual annotation limits.
This study utilizes time-resolved tmFRET to reveal that Mfn1 undergoes a heterogeneous, equilibrium-driven conformational transition between open and closed states during its GTP catalytic cycle, rather than adopting a single stable closed intermediate, thereby redefining the understanding of GTP-coupled dynamics in mitochondrial membrane fusion.
This study reveals that extracellular matrix curvature acts as a conserved geometric code sensed by the nucleus through a Lamin A/C-cPLA2-Ca2+ mechanotransduction cascade, which reprograms the cytoskeleton to switch cell migration from a fast mesenchymal mode to a slower, exploratory amoeboid phenotype termed "nuclear curvotaxis."
This study reveals that the human initiation factor eIF5 acts as a codon-sensitive conformational switch, where a conserved loop monitors start codon identity to either stabilize a GTP-hydrolysis-competent state for AUG codons or adopt a destabilized standby conformation for non-AUG codons, thereby regulating the precision and flexibility of translation initiation.
This study demonstrates that combining synchrotron X-ray computed tomography with digital volume correlation provides a practical and reliable method for quantifying brittle crack opening in human trabecular bone, revealing that hip-fracture donors exhibit significantly more brittle structural responses than controls through reduced critical crack-opening ratios despite similar crack extension.
This study employs a lubrication-based theoretical framework to model oscillatory and steady streaming flows in the cranial subarachnoid space, demonstrating that physiological brain motion generates a steady streaming component that may significantly enhance solute transport beyond diffusion alone.
This study demonstrates that low- to moderate-intensity ultrasound activates adherent cells primarily through acoustic streaming-induced calcium release from intracellular stores, a process critically governed by the biomechanical properties of the cell cortex rather than direct membrane ion channel activation.
This paper introduces a scalp geometry-based parameter space (SGP) for 4x1 HD-tES that enables efficient, neuronavigation-free personalized optimization by defining montages through intuitive position, radius, and orientation parameters, achieving superior targeting intensity and focality compared to standard methods while ensuring global optimality with reduced computational complexity.
This study demonstrates that reversible peptide self-assembly can be tuned to create long-acting drug delivery systems with predictable pharmacokinetics, successfully extending the half-life of the obesity and diabetes drug pramlintide by up to 82-fold in rats while controlling burst release.