Visualizing flat-band spatial renormalization in rhombohedral graphene superlattices
Using scanning tunneling microscopy, this study visualizes moiré-induced spatial renormalization of flat bands in rhombohedral graphene/hBN superlattices, revealing that atomic-corrugation-driven charge redistribution creates hierarchical energy shifts that vanish below a ~10 nm moiré period, thereby establishing a critical link between moiré periodicity and the emergence of topological phases like the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect.