8612 papers
This paper proposes a modular, cortically inspired architecture for perceptual AI that leverages neuroscientific principles like predictive processing and specialized modules to overcome the interpretability and generalization limitations of current monolithic models, thereby enabling more transparent and human-aligned reasoning.
This paper proposes a novel framework for discovering continuous one-parameter symmetries by leveraging the Generalized Fourier Transform to detect structured sparsity patterns in the spectral domain, offering a principled and interpretable alternative to existing generator-based optimization methods.
This chapter reviews the evolution of data-driven hint generation in intelligent tutoring systems, highlighting how historical student data enables the creation of next-step hints, strategic subgoals, and timely interventions, while also exploring future adaptations involving behavioral data and Large Language Models.
This paper introduces an adversarial latent-initial-state POMDP framework that theoretically establishes a minimax principle and finite-sample guarantees, while empirically demonstrating that targeted adversarial training significantly reduces robustness gaps in partially observable reinforcement learning.
This paper explores the unorthodox proposal of programming advanced AI systems with a primary goal of being turned off to mitigate the risk of them resisting shutdown, while analyzing the conditions under which such an approach would be effective.
FinSheet-Bench introduces a synthetic benchmark modeled on real private equity fund structures to evaluate LLMs on financial spreadsheet tasks, revealing that even the best-performing models currently lack the accuracy required for unsupervised professional use, particularly on complex, large-scale documents, and suggesting that reliable extraction will require separating document understanding from deterministic computation.
This paper introduces the Norm-Hierarchy Transition (NHT) framework, which explains that neural networks delay learning structured representations in favor of spurious shortcuts because weight decay slowly drives the model from high-norm solutions to lower-norm ones, with the transition delay logarithmically scaling to the ratio between these norms.
This paper proposes a "third ambition" for artificial intelligence research, advocating for the use of large language models as scientific instruments to study human behavior, culture, and moral reasoning by treating them as computationally accessible condensates of collective discourse while addressing their methodological and epistemic limitations.
This paper introduces VisualScratchpad, an interactive inference-time analysis tool that leverages sparse autoencoders and attention mechanisms to visualize and debug vision language models by linking visual concepts to text tokens, thereby revealing previously underexplored failure modes such as limited cross-modal alignment and misleading visual concepts.
The paper introduces Agora, an AI-powered platform that leverages LLMs to simulate diverse human perspectives on policy issues, enabling users to practice consensus-building and demonstrating through a preliminary study that access to authentic voice explanations significantly enhances problem-solving skills and the quality of collective decisions compared to viewing aggregate data alone.
This paper introduces Mechanistic CBM (M-CBM), a novel pipeline that extracts concepts directly from black-box models using Sparse Autoencoders and Multimodal LLMs to create interpretable Concept Bottleneck Models that outperform prior methods in predictive accuracy and explanation quality while maintaining strict control over information leakage.
The AgrI Challenge introduces a data-centric competition framework featuring Cross-Team Validation to demonstrate that while single-source training suffers from significant generalization gaps in agricultural vision, collaborative multi-source training on independently collected, heterogeneous datasets dramatically improves model robustness and real-world performance.
This paper introduces tunable-complexity priors for generative models like diffusion models, normalizing flows, and VAEs by leveraging nested dropout, demonstrating that adaptively adjusting model dimensionality significantly improves reconstruction performance across various inverse problems compared to fixed-complexity baselines.
This paper demonstrates that environmental pressure in multi-agent LLM simulations follows a Yerkes-Dodson inverted-U relationship, where medium stress optimizes emergent cooperative trade while extreme pressure causes behavioral collapse, and suggests that calibrating such pressure serves as an effective curriculum design strategy for agent development.
This paper reveals that in the sub-20M parameter "tiny" regime, models follow steeper but non-uniform scaling laws where increasing size not only reduces overall error but fundamentally alters the structure of mistakes, shifts capacity from easy to hard classes, and paradoxically degrades calibration, necessitating validation at the specific target model size for edge AI deployment.
This position paper proposes a dual-pronged framework for mitigating biases in large language models by integrating category-theoretic functor-based transformations to structurally map semantic domains to unbiased forms and retrieval-augmented generation to dynamically inject diverse external knowledge during inference.
ConfHit is a distribution-free framework that enables reliable, oracle-free generative design in drug discovery by providing statistical guarantees that generated molecular batches contain at least one valid hit while allowing for the refinement of these batches into compact sets.
This paper addresses the challenge of domain-specific machine translation quality estimation in low-resource scenarios by demonstrating that while prompt-only methods are fragile for open-weight models, adapting intermediate Transformer layers via Low-Rank Adaptation (ALOPE) and Low-Rank Multiplicative Adaptation (LoRMA) significantly improves robustness and performance across English-to-Indic language pairs.
This paper introduces Spectra, a three-step scheduling algorithm that efficiently manages time-varying AI traffic across parallel optical circuit switches by decomposing traffic matrices, assigning permutations load-awarely, and balancing loads through controlled splitting, thereby significantly reducing makespan compared to state-of-the-art baselines.
This Systematization of Knowledge (SoK) paper establishes the first unified framework for Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) by formalizing autonomous loops as decision-making processes, proposing a comprehensive taxonomy and architectural decomposition, critiquing current evaluation limitations and systemic risks, and outlining critical research directions for building reliable and scalable agentic systems.