UniRain: Unified Image Deraining with RAG-based Dataset Distillation and Multi-objective Reweighted Optimization

This paper proposes UniRain, a unified image deraining framework that combines a RAG-based dataset distillation pipeline for selecting high-quality training samples and a multi-objective reweighted optimization strategy within an asymmetric MoE architecture to effectively restore images degraded by diverse rain streaks and raindrops across both daytime and nighttime conditions.

Qianfeng Yang, Qiyuan Guan, Xiang Chen + 3 more2026-03-05💻 cs

When Visual Evidence is Ambiguous: Pareidolia as a Diagnostic Probe for Vision Models

This paper introduces a diagnostic framework using face pareidolia to reveal that vision models' behavior under visual ambiguity is primarily governed by their representational architecture, with vision-language models exhibiting semantic overactivation, pure vision models adopting uncertainty-based abstention, and detection models relying on conservative priors to suppress false positives.

Qianpu Chen, Derya Soydaner, Rob Saunders2026-03-05🤖 cs.AI

Rethinking the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning for Radiology Report Generation

This paper proposes a novel framework for radiology report generation that enhances reinforcement learning efficiency through a diagnostic diversity-based data sampling strategy and a Diagnostic Token-weighted Policy Optimization (DiTPO) method, achieving state-of-the-art clinical accuracy with significantly fewer training samples by prioritizing diagnostically critical content.

Zilin Lu, Ruifeng Yuan, Weiwei Cao + 6 more2026-03-05💻 cs

Volumetric Directional Diffusion: Anchoring Uncertainty Quantification in Anatomical Consensus for Ambiguous Medical Image Segmentation

The paper proposes Volumetric Directional Diffusion (VDD), a novel framework that anchors generative trajectories to a deterministic consensus prior to predict 3D boundary residuals, thereby achieving state-of-the-art anatomically coherent uncertainty quantification for ambiguous medical image segmentation while avoiding the topological fractures common in standard diffusion models.

Chao Wu, Kangxian Xie, Mingchen Gao2026-03-05🤖 cs.AI

DQE-CIR: Distinctive Query Embeddings through Learnable Attribute Weights and Target Relative Negative Sampling in Composed Image Retrieval

The paper proposes DQE-CIR, a novel composed image retrieval method that enhances query discriminativeness and fine-grained retrieval accuracy by integrating learnable attribute weights for precise vision-language alignment and a target relative negative sampling strategy to mitigate relevance suppression and semantic confusion.

Geon Park, Ji-Hoon Park, Seong-Whan Lee2026-03-05🤖 cs.AI

Long-Term Visual Localization in Dynamic Benthic Environments: A Dataset, Footprint-Based Ground Truth, and Visual Place Recognition Benchmark

This paper addresses the lack of benchmarks for long-term visual localization in dynamic benthic environments by introducing a curated multi-year underwater dataset, a novel footprint-based ground-truthing method that outperforms traditional distance-threshold approaches, and a benchmark evaluation demonstrating that state-of-the-art visual place recognition methods struggle significantly in these challenging underwater settings.

Martin Kvisvik Larsen, Oscar Pizarro2026-03-05💻 cs

Revisiting the Role of Foundation Models in Cell-Level Histopathological Image Analysis under Small-Patch Constraints -- Effects of Training Data Scale and Blur Perturbations on CNNs and Vision Transformers

This study demonstrates that for cell-level histopathological image analysis under extreme spatial constraints, task-specific architectures trained on sufficient data outperform foundation models in both accuracy and efficiency, while offering comparable robustness to blur perturbations.

Hiroki Kagiyama, Toru Nagasaka, Yukari Adachi + 5 more2026-03-05💻 cs