9647 papers
This paper introduces a novel attack method that induces numerical instability in multimodal large language models by optimizing a specific loss function to generate images, causing significant performance degradation across state-of-the-art models and datasets that is distinct from traditional adversarial perturbations.
This paper proposes a novel, parameter-free Heterogeneous Attribute Reconstruction and Representation (HARR) learning paradigm that unifies numerical and categorical attributes into homogeneous spaces with learnable metrics to effectively adapt to various clustering tasks while guaranteeing convergence.
VSPrefill is a lightweight, training-efficient sparse attention mechanism that leverages vertical-slash structural patterns and adaptive thresholding to achieve linear complexity during long-context prefilling, delivering a 4.95x speedup while preserving 98.35% of full attention accuracy on 128k context lengths.
This paper introduces MAD-SmaAt-GNet, a multimodal, advection-guided neural network that extends the SmaAt-UNet architecture by integrating multiple weather variables and physics-based advection to significantly improve the accuracy and physical consistency of short-term precipitation nowcasting.
This paper investigates how large language models process conflicting demonstrations in in-context learning, revealing a two-phase computational structure where early layers encode both correct and incorrect rules while late layers commit to predictions, and identifies specific attention heads responsible for this vulnerability that can be mitigated through targeted ablation to significantly improve performance.
This paper introduces Act-Observe-Rewrite (AOR), a framework enabling multimodal language models to iteratively improve robot manipulation policies by synthesizing and rewriting executable Python controller code based on visual feedback and failure analysis, achieving high success rates across tasks without demonstrations, reward engineering, or gradient updates.
This study proposes an interpretable LSTM-based model for predicting ship trajectories in inland waterways that incorporates trained ship domain parameters to analyze attention mechanisms, revealing that while the model achieves competitive accuracy, its attention weights do not fully align with expected causal relationships between interacting vessels.
This paper introduces Dictionary Based Pattern Entropy (DPE), a novel framework that combines Algorithmic and Shannon Information Theories to infer causal directions and identify driving subpatterns in symbolic sequences by quantifying how compact, rule-based patterns in a cause systematically reduce uncertainty in an effect, demonstrating robust performance across diverse synthetic and real-world datasets.
This paper presents a circular dilated convolutional neural network (CDCNN) for real-time activity recognition using multi-modal smart insole sensor data, which achieves 86.42% accuracy in a subject-independent four-class classification task, demonstrating that inertial sensors are the primary contributors to performance while remaining suitable for embedded deployment.
This paper proposes the Multi-Teacher Distillation Pretraining (MTDP) framework, which leverages representations from established vision and time-series foundation models to efficiently bootstrap EEG foundation models, achieving superior performance across diverse downstream tasks with only 25% of the data required by traditional self-supervised methods.
This paper applies a probabilistic machine learning framework to analyze Collatz stopping times up to , demonstrating that a Bayesian hierarchical Negative Binomial regression outperforms a mechanistic odd-block generator in predictive likelihood while revealing that low-order modular structure significantly drives the observed heterogeneity.
This paper introduces AbAffinity, a large language model designed to accurately predict the binding affinity of antibodies against target peptides, such as the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, to advance machine learning-based antibody design.
This paper introduces a contrastive learning framework that aligns X-ray spectra with scientific literature to create shared multimodal representations, significantly improving the estimation of physical variables and enabling the discovery of rare astrophysical sources through integrated data analysis.
The paper introduces Projected Hessian Learning (PHL), a scalable framework that enables efficient, curvature-informed training of machine-learning interatomic potentials by utilizing stochastic Hessian-vector products instead of explicit Hessian matrices, thereby achieving full-second-order accuracy with significantly reduced computational cost and memory requirements.
This paper introduces the Volterra signature, a principled and interpretable feature representation for non-Markovian time series that combines universal approximation guarantees, time-reparameterization invariance, and efficient computation via linear state-space ODEs and kernel tricks to outperform existing path signature baselines in dynamic learning tasks.
This paper proposes Invariant Causal Routing (ICR), a causal governance framework that leverages counterfactual reasoning and invariant causal discovery to identify stable, interpretable policy rules for steering emergent social norms in online market economies across heterogeneous environments.
This paper introduces a fast deep generative framework that significantly accelerates high-dimensional Bayesian posterior sampling compared to diffusion-based methods, successfully demonstrating its robustness and effectiveness in recovering unlensed CMB power spectra for cosmological delensing applications.
This paper introduces KG-WISE, an LLM-guided inference system that accelerates Graph Neural Network queries on large Knowledge Graphs by dynamically decomposing models into fine-grained components and retrieving only semantically relevant subgraphs, achieving up to 28x faster inference and 98% lower memory usage while maintaining accuracy.
This paper introduces an oracle-efficient learning algorithm for the Hybrid Online Learning setting with constrained adversaries that achieves statistical optimality by leveraging the Rademacher complexity of the learner's and adversary's function classes, while also providing a novel tool for computing equilibria in structured stochastic zero-sum games.
This study proposes a deep learning framework that utilizes an ensemble of ConvLSTM models trained on overlapping spatial grids to effectively forecast weather-related traffic crash risk by capturing complex spatiotemporal dependencies and heterogeneity, demonstrating superior performance over baseline models in North Carolina's diverse high-risk zones.