Assigning and optimising airport ground-handling operations: an rVNS metaheuristic
This paper presents a cooperative reduced Variable Neighbourhood Search (rVNS) metaheuristic to optimize the complex Multi-Trip Capacitated Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problem with Time Windows and Meal Breaks (MTCVRSPTW-MB) for airport catering operations, demonstrating its superior efficiency and mileage reduction over exact methods on real-life instances at San Francisco International Airport.