2455 papers
This global assessment confirms that the unimodal distribution assumption underlying normalized drought indices like SPI and SPEI is valid for most locations and applications, with bimodality being a rare phenomenon primarily limited to short accumulation periods in arid, highly seasonal regions where it often stems from data artifacts rather than true climatic processes.
This study recalculated the Nemerow Pollution Index for the Esuk Oro River in Southern Nigeria using station means and Pearson correlations, revealing that phosphate-driven nutrient enrichment is the primary pollution factor while emphasizing the index's role as a screening tool rather than a definitive safety declaration due to limited data and operational benchmarks.
This systematic review of 20 field studies concludes that while plants, mosses, and lichens offer valuable time-integrated data on airborne microplastic deposition, the field remains fragmented and requires standardized protocols before plant-based burdens can reliably indicate ambient concentrations or human exposure.
This study analyzes long-term air quality trends at 258 of China's 5A tourist attractions from 2000 to 2024, revealing a sharp national improvement in PM2.5 levels since the mid-2010s alongside persistent regional disparities and variable stability during the National Day holiday.
This study demonstrates that a hybrid framework integrating the process-based QSWAT+ model with machine learning algorithms significantly enhances streamflow forecasting accuracy in Ethiopia's Upper Genale River Basin, revealing a projected upward trend in future streamflow under climate change scenarios to support sustainable water resource management.
This paper argues that approving new UK oil and gas fields like Rosebank and Jackdaw would cause future climate damages (£170bn–£483bn) far exceeding their economic value to the UK (£28.7bn), thereby destroying net global and national economic value even if only a small fraction of those damages are felt domestically.
This study of Manda National Park in southern Chad demonstrates that while stand structure is the primary driver of aboveground carbon storage in Sudanian savanna-woodlands, integrating community composition provides essential ecological context for developing biodiversity-inclusive carbon assessment frameworks.
This qualitative ethnographic study, grounded in Socio-ecological Systems and Political Ecology theories, demonstrates that the Gedeo Baallee indigenous governance system effectively sustains agroforestry, adapts to climate change, and ensures resource equity, advocating for its formal recognition in national environmental policies.
This study demonstrates that certain engineering nylon fishing lines, previously considered environmentally persistent, undergo significant marine biodegradation through a hydration-mediated mechanism that enhances microbial accessibility to the polymer structure, thereby challenging the assumption that polymer chemistry alone dictates environmental fate.
This study demonstrates that vegetation management on Langdale Moor, one of the UK's most severe peatland fires, successfully preserved small unburned islands that prevented the loss of nearly 7,000 tonnes of soil carbon, underscoring the critical role of such management in mitigating wildfire-induced carbon emissions.