earth_science papers | Gist.Science

From Greenhouse Gas Inventories to Mitigation-Strategy Diagnosis: A First-Principles Mechanism-to-Lever Framework

This paper introduces a first-principles diagnostic framework that categorizes organizational greenhouse gas emissions by their formation mechanism, location, and mediation to improve the physical coherence of mitigation strategies, demonstrating high analytical resolution across 31 cases while clarifying that the method serves as a pre-screening tool rather than a final assessment of mitigation potential.

Yao-Ming Hong2026-09-30

📄 earth science

Volcanic-affinity compositional shifts obscure chemical weathering signals in black shales

This study demonstrates that volcanic-affinity compositional mixing can create misleading chemical weathering signals in black shales, necessitating a new joint exposure–departure framework to distinguish true palaeoweathering changes from artifacts of source-rock composition.

Wei Tian, Zhichen Wu, Xinping Liang2026-09-30

📄 earth science

A Techno-Economic, Environmental and Social Life Cycle Assessments of Sustainable Aviation Fuel production via the Alcohol-to-Jet process – A UK Case Study

This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic, environmental, and social life cycle assessment of a UK-based lignocellulosic wheat straw biorefinery using the alcohol-to-jet pathway, demonstrating its potential for aviation decarbonization with up to 80% greenhouse gas reductions and a minimum jet fuel selling price of £0.75–£4.53/kg, contingent on policy incentives and production scale.

Chike Ucheana, Maria Fernanda Rojas-Michaga, Kevin J. Hughes, Derek Ingham, Mohamed Pourkashanian2026-09-30

📄 earth science

Assessing interspecific variation in nectar and pollen food reward to pollinators under water limitation

This study reveals that while water limitation reduces nectar sucrose quantities in most pollinator-supporting plant species, pollen protein levels remain stable, highlighting the need for diverse plant mixtures to ensure pollinators receive adequate carbohydrate and amino acid resources under future climate conditions.

Madeline Gregor, Wendy Lei, Sevan Suni2026-09-30

📄 earth science

A regional-scale landslide mapping following extreme rainfall using freely available remote sensing data

This study presents a practical, semi-automated workflow utilizing freely available Sentinel-2 NDVI data and terrain filtering to rapidly generate a reliable regional landslide inventory following the 2022 extreme rainfall event in New South Wales, Australia.

Ana Luiza Sfredo Cavaca¹, Damien Maher¹, Scott Johnston¹2026-09-30

📄 earth science

Scoring and aggregation choices alter coastal ecosystem health classifications: implications for coastal management

This study demonstrates that the choice of scoring and aggregation methods significantly alters coastal ecosystem health classifications, leading to inconsistent management decisions and highlighting the need for transparent reporting of methodological choices and component-level data.

Enze Zhang, Hao Li2026-09-30

📄 earth science

Investigating the toxicity and bioaccumulation of palladium black and palladium chloride in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)

This study demonstrates that soluble palladium chloride is significantly more toxic and bioaccumulative in earthworms (*Eisenia fetida*) than particulate palladium black, highlighting that the environmental risk of palladium depends heavily on its chemical speciation and potential transformation into soluble forms.

Po-Hao Chen, Meenakshi Arora, Suzie M. Reichman2026-09-30

📄 earth science

Trophic interactions in the mesopelagic layer along the continental slope in the Norwegian Sea

This study characterizes trophic interactions in the Norwegian Sea's mesopelagic zone by analyzing gut contents and stable isotopes, revealing the critical roles of specific lower-level species and the high prey selectivity of certain fish that may limit their resilience to environmental change.

Boris Espinasse, Sünnje Linea Basedow2026-09-30

📄 earth science

An empirical vertical-to-horizontal (V/H) spectral ratio model for shallow-crustal and upper-mantle earthquakes: insights from the S-net seafloor stations in the Japan Trench region

This study presents an empirical vertical-to-horizontal (V/H) spectral ratio model for offshore ground motions in the Japan Trench region, derived from S-net seafloor stations, which reveals that offshore V/H ratios are significantly lower than onshore values due to water-layer attenuation and are strongly influenced by factors such as rupture distance, burial conditions, and site class.

Shili Sheng, Jingyang Tan, Qinghui Lai, Qi Zhang2026-09-30

📄 earth science

Hydrochemistry of two headwater peatlands affected by deep gullies in the Maloti Mountains of Lesotho

This study demonstrates that deep gully erosion in the Maloti Mountains' peatlands alters groundwater flow paths and chemical composition, thereby compromising the ecosystems' ability to regulate water retention and sustain downstream baseflow.

Tsépo S. Sekaleli, André J.M Jansen, Piet-Louis Grundling, Jason Roux, Mike Butler2026-09-30

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