📄 earth science

Multiscale Mechanisms and a Physicochemical Coupling Model of Schist Degradation under Water–Rock Interaction

This study investigates the water-induced degradation of three representative schist lithologies through a 70-day immersion experiment and multiscale analysis, revealing that macroscopic strength loss is driven by a self-reinforcing coupling of physical hydration and chemical reactions, particularly in clay-rich varieties, leading to a proposed physicochemical coupling model for assessing slope stability.

Shiguang Xu¹, Mengna Zhang¹, Ping Yan³, Zikuang Xu, Yi Yang, Chuanjiao Wang, Jun Gong2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Floating and fixed offshore wind intersect contrasting frontal and fishing seascapes in the Celtic Sea

This study establishes a pre-construction baseline in the Celtic Sea revealing that planned floating offshore wind areas significantly overlap with seasonal thermal fronts and fishing hotspots, whereas fixed-bottom wind zones primarily intersect persistent coastal fronts with minimal fishing activity, highlighting distinct spatial conflict regimes for future management.

Yang Yang, Peter Miller, Liam Langley, Stephen Votier, Michel Kaiser, Lilian Lieber2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Yard-Scale Socioeconomic and Ecological Factors Shape Urban Forest Structure, Diversity, Soils, and Ecosystem Services

This study of residential yards in Los Angeles reveals that urban forest structure, diversity, and ecosystem services are significantly shaped by the interplay of yard location, socioeconomic factors (such as affluence and education), housing age, and soil quality, with front yards generally supporting greater tree density and shade potential while back yards offer more cultural services.

Sadikshya Sharma, Francisco J Escobedo, Dustin L Hermann, Alessandro Ossola, Igor Bronz2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Climatological evaluation of satellite and reanalysis precipitation products across temporal scales and rainfall extremes over the Guder Sub-basin, Ethiopia

This study evaluates six satellite and reanalysis precipitation products against gauge data in Ethiopia's Guder Sub-basin, revealing that while performance varies by temporal scale and rainfall intensity, CHIRPS, MSWEP, and IMERG emerge as the most reliable datasets for hydrological and climate applications.

Rahel Gezahegn Abate, Gebrekidan Worku Tefera, Temesgen Gashaw Tarkegn, Negusu Tarekegn Endalew, Filagot Mengistu Walle (…)2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Pinus patula is actively progressing along the invasion trajectory in central Nepal

This study demonstrates that *Pinus patula*, originally introduced for reforestation in central Nepal, has successfully overcome reproductive and dispersal barriers to aggressively invade surrounding natural forests, necessitating urgent containment measures to protect native Himalayan biodiversity.

Prakash Bhattarai, Lila Nath Sharma, Sagar Budhathoki, Manita Khanal, Bharat Babu Shrestha2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Himalayan Permafrost as a Martian Analogue: GPR Insights from the Tsokar Lake Basin of Cold-Arid Ladakh

This study utilizes Ground Penetrating Radar to characterize the subsurface structure and degradation stages of permafrost in the Tsokar Lake Basin of Ladakh, establishing a terrestrial calibration framework that validates the region as a critical analogue for interpreting ice-rich terrains on Mars.

Ahsan Ul Haq, Binita Phartiyal, Yudhbir Singh, Bharti Sharma, Siddarth Pandey, S. K Pandita, G M Bhat, Jonathan D Clarke (…)2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Convection-permitting scales break climate invariance in machine-learned precipitation downscaling

This study demonstrates that machine-learning precipitation downscaling models trained on current climate data fail to accurately project future extreme rainfall at convection-permitting scales (below 12 km) because the underlying physical dynamics governing fine-scale variance are non-stationary and change significantly under future climate conditions.

Xingjian Yan, Anamitra Saha, Erin Dougherty, Sai Ravela2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Validating Statistical Zonation for Groundwater Natural Background Levels Using an Integrated SOM-KNN Machine Learning Approach in a Heterogeneous Mountainous Terrain, North China

This study validates the consistency of predefined hydrogeological units with hydrologically meaningful groundwater organization in North China's heterogeneous mountainous terrain by integrating Self-Organizing Maps and K-Nearest Neighbors to refine statistical zonation and improve the determination of natural background levels.

Zhiqiang Gong, Xun Zhang, Zonglong Zheng, Zhiwen Dang, Zhisen Ma2026-09-23
📄 earth science

Extensional Lithospheric Architecture Controls Mantle Carbon Dioxide Transfer into the Crust and Focuses Conductive Pathways to Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Mineral Systems

This study utilizes 3D magnetotelluric imaging of the eastern Gawler Craton to demonstrate that the continuity and geometry of deep conductive pathways, interpreted as CO₂-rich fluid channels linked to magmatism, are critical controls on the formation and prospectivity of Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (IOCG) mineral systems.

Hamid Bizhani, Graham Heinson2026-09-23