🧬 Category

genomics

415 papers

Genomics is the study of an organism's complete set of DNA, offering a deep dive into the biological instructions that shape life. This field explores how genetic information influences traits, health, and evolution, moving beyond single genes to understand the complex interplay within entire genomes. From uncovering the roots of disease to mapping biodiversity, genomics provides the foundational data for many modern medical breakthroughs.

At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category as it appears on bioRxiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by both a clear, plain-language overview and a detailed technical summary, making cutting-edge research accessible to everyone regardless of their background. Below are the latest papers in genomics, freshly summarized and ready for you to explore.

🧬 genomics

Genetic architecture of soluble arabinoxylan fibre in elite genotypes of bread wheat revealed by genome-wide association analysis

This study utilized genome-wide association analysis on 384 elite UK wheat genotypes to identify seven genetic loci, including major stable effects on chromosomes 1B and 6B, that regulate water-extractable arabinoxylan content, demonstrating that pyramiding favorable alleles within existing germplasm offers a practical strategy for breeding wheat with enhanced dietary fibre.

Alabdullah, A. K., Kosik, O., Leverington-Waite, M., Mitchell, R. A., Prins, A., Brett, J., Griffths, S., Shewry, P. R. (…)2026-07-24
🧬 genomics

TRIM28 preserves ovarian identity by stabilising lineage-specific transcription factor hubs

This study reveals that TRIM28 preserves ovarian cell identity primarily by acting as a transcriptional co-regulator that stabilizes lineage-specific transcription factor hubs (such as FOXL2 and NR5A2) through SUMOylation, rather than by maintaining H3K9me3-dependent heterochromatin.

Sitkiewicz, L., Chaleil, F., Granes, G., Rossitto, M., Dejardin, S., Cammas, F., Lefrancois-Martinez, A.-M., Stevant, I. (…)2026-07-24
🧬 genomics

Multidimensional variation and population stratification across 8000 complete human centromeres

This study constructs a comprehensive multidimensional genetic variation map of over 8,000 complete human centromeres by integrating diverse genome assemblies, revealing extensive structural diversity, population stratification, and a dual-track evolutionary model that balances structural innovation with mutational constraint while providing a critical resource for understanding centromere biology and associated disorders.

Sun, Y., Wan, S., Nie, L., Yu, D., Zhou, F., Yang, Y., Yang, X., Liu, A., Chen, Q., Fu, K., Ni, Q., He, Y., Su, B., Mao (…)2026-07-24
🧬 genomics

Perturb-seq resolves physiologic programs and bidirectional regulation of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in epidermal organoids

This study utilizes Perturb-seq in a physiologically relevant epidermal organoid model to uncover genetic drivers of keratinocyte differentiation and reveal the bidirectional role of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in late differentiation, overcoming the limitations of previous 2D culture-based screens.

Squiers, G., Nanes, B. A., Balas, M., Lingo, J. J., Wang, L., Zhou, H., Munawar, S., Nzima, M., Hon, G. C., Klein, J.2026-07-23
🧬 genomics

Integrating epigenomic features reveals principles of chromatin-state organization

By integrating genome-wide epigenomic profiles, this study identifies five principal chromatin states and reveals that cell-type-specific differences are primarily driven by the remodeling of Polycomb-associated chromatin, while CTCF-associated chromatin serves as a key architectural anchor linking chromatin organization to three-dimensional genome structure.

Martini, J., Williams, R. A., Smith, R. G., Zhou, Y., Liu, Y.2026-07-23
🧬 genomics

Allele-specific chromatin modifications of HPV-associated extrachromosomal DNAs in cervical cancer

This study reveals that HPV-human hybrid extrachromosomal DNAs in cervical cancer exhibit distinct, allele-specific epigenetic landscapes with higher densities of active regulatory elements compared to human-only ecDNAs, highlighting how HPV integration shapes the regulatory architecture of these cancer-driving circular structures.

MacLennan, S., Ng, M., Porter, V. L., Corbett, R. D., Pandoh, P., Trinh-Hamilton, D., Coope, R., Zhao, Y., Marra, M. A.2026-07-20
🧬 genomics

Lifestyles of Gypsy-family transposons shape their regulatory mechanisms

By analyzing LTR retrotransposon sequences across 249 drosophilid genomes, this study reveals complex interspecies evolutionary patterns of Gypsy-family elements, highlighting how the loss or inactivation of the Envelope protein and the stability of sORF2 drive shifts in tissue-specific expression and co-evolution with host transcriptional control mechanisms.

Papameletiou, A.-M., Czech Nicholson, B., Bornelöv, S., Hannon, G. J.2026-07-18