309 papers
Genomics is the study of an organism's complete set of DNA, offering a deep dive into the biological instructions that shape life. This field explores how genetic information influences traits, health, and evolution, moving beyond single genes to understand the complex interplay within entire genomes. From uncovering the roots of disease to mapping biodiversity, genomics provides the foundational data for many modern medical breakthroughs.
At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category as it appears on bioRxiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by both a clear, plain-language overview and a detailed technical summary, making cutting-edge research accessible to everyone regardless of their background. Below are the latest papers in genomics, freshly summarized and ready for you to explore.
This study utilizes a meta-analysis of 13 cohorts with cell-type deconvolution to reveal distinct glial DNA methylation signatures, identifying age-related changes primarily in prefrontal astrocytes and Alzheimer's disease-specific alterations in entorhinal oligodendrocytes.
This study demonstrates that High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis targeting chloroplast markers psbK-I and ycf1b provides a rapid, robust, and scalable method for authenticating *Euterpe* species in commercial açaí and jucara products, successfully detecting mislabeling where traditional DNA sequencing failed.
This study constructs near-complete, haplotype-resolved assemblies of a pancreatic cancer cell line and its matched normal tissue to overcome reference gaps and germline variants, thereby uncovering over 7,000 previously hidden somatic variants—including complex structural rearrangements and methylation changes in repetitive regions—that were obscured by traditional sequencing methods.
This paper introduces a practical framework for validating somatic mutation burden assays without a ground truth, which is implemented in the SomaticCODEC tool to demonstrate strong linearity and high precision in quantifying SNV burden in primary human samples.
By integrating near-complete diploid genome assemblies with long-read sequencing from 212 individuals, this study constructs a comprehensive atlas revealing that unique, heritable telomere variant repeat (TVR) codes at chromosome ends influence chromatin organization and facilitate rare telomerase-independent telomere extension mechanisms in the human germline.
The paper introduces GENERator-v2, a family of autoregressive genomic foundation models that achieve scalable, single-nucleotide resolution over 98k base pair contexts by reconciling efficient k-mer tokenization with precise supervision through Factorized Nucleotide Supervision and gene-centric Genome Compression Pretraining.
This study reveals that histone H3K27 methylation patterns are faithfully maintained in cycling cells through a sequential, stepwise methylation process following DNA replication, a mechanism that is particularly crucial for preserving the plasticity of developmentally silenced genes during early S-phase.
This study defines the cell type-specific regulatory logic of astrocyte inflammatory responses by mapping genome-wide transcription initiation to reveal how lineage-restricted and inflammatory transcription factors cooperate on distinct enhancer landscapes to drive stimulus-dependent gene expression, linking these mechanisms to human neurological disease susceptibility.
This study identifies and validates a novel sense-to-sense codon reassignment in a specific clade of uncultivated Acidimicrobiales bacteria, where the ACA codon, typically encoding threonine, has been repurposed to encode aspartate.
This paper proposes a data-driven biophysical framework demonstrating that a specific gene ensemble acts as a genomic Maxwell's demon and self-organized criticality controller, orchestrating cancer cell fate commitment by coupling entropy-information flux with mechanical work to drive critical transitions and establish time-gated rules for intervention.