hep-th papers | Gist.Science

Hep-Th, or high-energy theoretical physics, explores the fundamental building blocks of our universe and the forces that govern them. Researchers in this field use complex mathematics to understand everything from subatomic particles to the behavior of black holes, often pushing the boundaries of what we know about space and time.

At Gist.Science, we monitor the arXiv repository to ensure you stay ahead of the curve in this rapidly evolving discipline. For every new preprint uploaded to arXiv under this category, our team generates both accessible plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries, making cutting-edge research understandable regardless of your background.

Below are the latest papers in high-energy theoretical physics, curated to help you navigate the most significant recent discoveries.

Large-c BCFT Entanglement Entropy with Deformed Boundaries from Emergent JT Gravity

This paper demonstrates that at large central charge, the von Neumann entropy of subregions in a two-dimensional boundary conformal field theory with an infinitesimally deformed boundary is exactly reproduced by the island entropy of the corresponding interval in an undeformed BCFT coupled to a two-dimensional Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity system, where the boundary deformation determines the dilaton boundary condition.

Dominik Neuenfeld, Christopher Tellinger2026-04-21⚛️ hep-th

Classical and quantum evolution of inflationary fluctuations

This paper demonstrates that even when classical and quantum dynamics are aligned at a specific moment during inflation, their correlation functions diverge exponentially by the end of inflation due to interactions, a difference illustrated through the bispectrum and tensor power spectrum that also clarifies the absence of poles in the scalar bispectrum from finite-time classical evolution.

Guillermo Ballesteros, Jesús Gambín Egea, Alejandro Pérez Rodríguez2026-04-21⚛️ hep-th

New bounds for the area of MOTS and generalized ultra-massive spacetimes

This paper establishes new area bounds for general closed marginally trapped surfaces that depend on Einstein tensor components and stability parameters, revealing that these bounds are realized in "ultra-massive" spacetimes where the entire external region collapses without an event horizon, a phenomenon occurring for both positive and non-positive cosmological constants under sufficient energy-momentum conditions.

José M. M. Senovilla2026-04-21⚛️ gr-qc

Branes

This review, based on a lecture course at MIPT, describes branes in string theory from three perspectives—as open string endpoints, BPS supergravity backgrounds, and dynamical objects with gauge-invariant actions—and examines their interactions, including bound states, Hanany–Witten and Myers effects, and supertubes.

Edvard T. Musaev2026-04-21⚛️ hep-th

Bosonization, vertex operators and maximal violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality in wedge regions

This paper demonstrates that vertex operators of a chiral boson in 1+1 dimensions serve as explicit dichotomic, bounded, Hermitian operators capable of saturating the Tsirelson bound and achieving maximal violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality within wedge regions of the vacuum state.

J. G. A. Caribé, M. S. Guimaraes, I. Roditi, S. P. Sorella2026-04-21⚛️ hep-th

Three loop QCD corrections to electroweak radiative parameters

This paper reevaluates three-loop QCD corrections to electroweak vacuum polarization functions to determine ${\mathcal{O}}(\alpha \alpha_s^2)$ contributions to radiative parameters, resulting in improved predictions for the $W$ boson mass and the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ electric charge that are significant for future FCC precision targets.

Tanmoy Pati, Narayan Rana, Alessandro Vicini2026-04-21⚛️ hep-ph

BPS Dendroscopy on Local $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$

This paper constructs and analyzes the scattering diagram for BPS states on local $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$ by combining insights from orbifold and large volume limits to map the physical stability slice and provide evidence for the Split Attractor Flow Tree Conjecture within a specific range of central charge phases.

Bruno Le Floch, Boris Pioline, Rishi Raj2026-04-20⚛️ hep-th

Chiral global embedding of Fibre Inflation with $\overline{\rm D3}$ uplift

This paper presents an explicit chiral global embedding of Fibre Inflation with $\overline{\rm D3}$ uplift on an $h^{1,1}=4$ Calabi-Yau manifold, demonstrating that viable de Sitter vacua with controlled effective field theory can be achieved through a specific configuration of O3-planes, magnetised D7-branes, and a Whitney brane.

Michele Cicoli, Antonella Grassi, Osmin Lacombe, Francisco G. Pedro2026-04-20⚛️ hep-th

Global Gauge Symmetries and Spatial Asymptotic Boundary Conditions in Yang-Mills theory

This paper rigorously derives the physical gauge group of Yang-Mills theory as the quotient of boundary-preserving gauge transformations by Gauss law transformations by analyzing the structure of the instantaneous state space, and extends this analysis to demonstrate how boundary conditions and the resulting gauge group differ between the unbroken and broken phases of Yang-Mills-Higgs theory.

Silvester Borsboom, Hessel Posthuma2026-04-20🔢 math-ph

Operator Product Expansion in Carrollian CFT

This paper constructs operator product expansions compatible with Carrollian symmetries to unify and extend the framework of Carrollian conformal field theory, thereby demonstrating their control over short-distance expansions while classifying correlators and amplitudes with complex kinematics.

Kevin Nguyen, Jakob Salzer2026-04-20⚛️ hep-th

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