🛡️ Category

immunology

258 papers

Immunology explores the intricate defense systems that keep our bodies safe from infections and disease. This field examines how our immune cells recognize threats, coordinate responses, and maintain a delicate balance between fighting invaders and avoiding self-harm. From understanding vaccine mechanisms to investigating autoimmune disorders, these studies reveal the dynamic biology protecting human health every day.

On Gist.Science, we ensure these critical discoveries remain accessible to everyone. We automatically process every new preprint in this category as it appears on bioRxiv, transforming complex research into both plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries. This approach allows readers to grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense jargon, while still providing the depth needed for scientific inquiry.

Below are the latest immunology papers from bioRxiv, each accompanied by our curated summaries to help you navigate the newest breakthroughs in the field.

🛡️ immunology

Diminished EBV-Specific Humoral Immunity is Associated with Neuropsychiatric Long COVID Development up to 12 Months Post-COVID-19 Symptom Onset

This study found that while cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) did not differ between individuals with neuropsychiatric long COVID and recovered participants, diminished EBV-specific humoral immunity at 3–6 months post-onset was significantly associated with the development or persistence of fatigue and neuropsychiatric symptoms up to 12 months later.

Samaan, P., Budylowski, P., Russell, V., Srighanthan, J., M. Cheung, A., Ostrowski, M.2026-01-28
🛡️ immunology

β-Glucan Modulates Monocyte Plasticity and Differentiation Capacity to Mitigate DSS-Induced Colitis

This study demonstrates that pretreatment with β-glucan induces trained immunity in monocytes, reprogramming their differentiation toward a reparative phenotype that mitigates DSS-induced colitis and enhances bacterial clearance, thereby offering a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease.

Lv, Y., Fan, Y., Gao, Q., Chen, Q., Hu, Y., Wang, L., Shi, H., Chen, E., Xu, Q., Cai, Y., Fan, Q., Li, L., Du, D., Ren (…)2026-01-26
🛡️ immunology

TAK1 integrates the NLRP1 inflammasome into the innate immune response to double-stranded RNA

This study identifies TAK1 as a critical signaling hub that links dsRNA recognition by RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS and/or TLR3-TRIF to NLRP1 inflammasome activation through TAK1-dependent phosphorylation of the NLRP1 N-terminal disordered region, operating independently of type I interferon.

Corley, M. R., Hyodo, A., Toyoda, H. C., Yonemitsu, M. A., Chantharath, A., Hyde, J. L., Mitchell, P. S.2026-01-25
🛡️ immunology

Type I IFN dynamics define an early checkpoint for survival and orchestrate systemic neutrophil heterogeneity in lethal viral infection

This study identifies a critical early type I interferon-driven checkpoint within 24 hours of lethal viral infection that determines survival by priming a distinct, protective ICAM1+ neutrophil subset in the bone marrow, thereby establishing these cells as a key biomarker for protective immunity.

Saito, R., Satomi, A., Sugishita, H., Gotoh, Y., Okazaki, T.2026-01-24
🛡️ immunology

Dual-inactivation of Regnase-1 and SOCS1 rewires exhausted CD8+ T cell fate to enhance anti-tumor functionality

This study demonstrates that the dual CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of Regnase-1 and SOCS1 in CD8+ T cells synergistically rewires their differentiation from terminal exhaustion to an enhanced effector state with improved memory formation, thereby significantly boosting anti-tumor efficacy in both murine models and human T cell therapies.

Le Mercier, I., Monteiro, D., Halpin-Veszeleiova, K., Wong, K., Dodson, A., Martinez, G. J., Matos, D., Hamza, B., Yeri (…)2026-01-23