📄 Category

medicine

5613 papers

📄 medicine

Respiratory Health Consequences of Active Smoking, Second-Hand Smoke Exposure, and Electronic Cigarette Use: A Mini Literature Review

This mini literature review synthesizes evidence from 2020 to 2025 demonstrating that active smoking, second-hand smoke exposure, and electronic cigarette use all significantly contribute to respiratory morbidity through overlapping inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive tobacco control and regulation of emerging nicotine delivery systems.

Rasya Aprilio Rosyidi, Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin2026-07-06
📄 medicine

Anterior to Psoas Corridor, Does It Really Exist?! An MRI Analysis

This MRI study demonstrates that the anterior-to-psoas corridor for oblique lumbar interbody fusion narrows progressively from L1 to L5 and is modestly widened by right-lateral positioning, indicating that preoperative imaging in the surgical position is essential to determine safe cage dimensions and the potential need for psoas retraction.

Thiago Coutinho, Carlos Tucci, Alexandre Cristante Fogaça, Raphael Martus Macron, Tacísio Eloy Pessoa de Barros Filho, M (…)2026-07-06
📄 medicine

IVUS-Guided versus Angiography-Guided PCI in Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies involving over 20,000 patients suggests that IVUS-guided PCI for unprotected left main coronary artery disease is associated with significantly lower rates of all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization compared to angiography-guided PCI, although these benefits were primarily driven by observational data while randomized controlled trials showed neutral results.

Eashan Aneja, Vinicius de Pontes, Mauricio Boneli, Prakhar Gupta, Shivani Phugat, Veda Chanda, Thierry Trevisan, Michael (…)2026-07-06
📄 medicine

Predictive Modeling of Dietary Sugar Reductions and Fiscal Yields Under a Tiered Specific Tax Framework in Nigeria

This study models that shifting Nigeria's sugar tax from an ad valorem system to a tiered, gram-based specific tax with a 4 g/100 ml threshold would simultaneously drive a significant reduction in national sugar consumption through industry reformulation and generate substantial, predictable fiscal revenue to support healthcare infrastructure.

Christopher Enasor Fregene, Dike Bevis Ojji, Abimbola Opeyemi Adegboye2026-07-06
📄 medicine

How do culturally and linguistically diverse families of autistic children experience online parent-led therapy? A reflexive thematic analysis of parent perspectives

This reflexive thematic analysis of 19 culturally and linguistically diverse parents reveals that while online parent-led therapy is broadly acceptable, its effectiveness and engagement depend critically on adapting programs to address specific linguistic proficiencies, sociocultural contexts, and material access barriers rather than relying on monolingual, Western-centric designs.

Sarah Oudet, Gwen Brekelmans, Sakshi Pal, Napoleon Katsos, Stephanie Durrleman2026-07-06
📄 medicine

Assessing the Eligibility for Marketing of Six Different Brands of Cornflakes to Children in Nigeria Using Nutrient Profile Model for the Who African Region

This study evaluates six cornflake brands available in Nigeria against the WHO African Region nutrient profile model and finds that five of them exceed sodium or sugar thresholds, rendering them ineligible for marketing to children and necessitating reformulation.

Christopher Enasor Fregene, Dike Bevis Ojji, Abimbola Opeyemi Adegboye2026-07-06
📄 medicine

EEG Microstate Aggregate Conditional Entropy Derived from Markov Modelling as a AD-Specific Biomarker: Differentiating Alzheimer’s Disease from Frontotemporal Dementia and Healthy Controls

This study proposes and validates a novel, theory-grounded biomarker based on the aggregate conditional entropy of EEG microstate transition sequences derived from Markov modelling, demonstrating its ability to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from healthy controls and frontotemporal dementia with high interpretability and without reliance on MRI or deep learning.

Hassan Farooq2026-07-06
📄 medicine

Five Factors of Frailty: A Multidimensional Psychometrically Robust Research Tool

This study utilizes data from the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing to develop and validate a psychometrically robust, multidimensional research tool consisting of five distinct frailty factors—Mobility/Severe Pain, Planning/Self Care, Depression, Moderate Pain/Movement/Arthritis, and Cardio-Metabolic—to facilitate accurate longitudinal assessment of frailty in aging populations.

Stacey Voll, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Stuart W.S. MacDonald2026-07-06