1829 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
This paper introduces and validates pBOLD, a novel quality metric for multi-echo fMRI that quantifies the likelihood of BOLD-dominated signal fluctuations, demonstrating its utility in evaluating preprocessing pipelines and predicting phenotypic outcomes more effectively than traditional metrics like TSNR.
Using FDG-PET imaging in a rat model, this study identifies distinct neurometabolic signatures at rest and during heroin seeking that correlate with addiction severity and vulnerability, while revealing that social seeking does not share these metabolic alterations.
This study demonstrates that reaction time variability in rhesus macaques is linked to systemic physiological markers of arousal (heart rate and pupil diameter) across multiple timescales, supporting the conclusion that multiple arousal mechanisms operate simultaneously to influence behavior.
This study demonstrates that combining brief diethyl ether vapor exposure with Pluronic F-127 hydrogel significantly reduces motion artifacts in *Drosophila* larvae for calcium imaging without suppressing neural activity, offering an accessible, multimodal immobilization workflow validated by custom MATLAB analysis and a dual-flag quality control system.
This study demonstrates that two specific nonlinear mechanisms in the primate outer retina significantly shape neural responses to natural stimuli, offering a more mechanistic understanding of visual processing that improves upon standard linear receptive field models.
This study identifies that NPAS1-expressing arkypallidal neurons in the external globus pallidus (GPeNPAS1) regulate adaptive risk-taking behavior by modulating and encoding decision-making sequences through their inhibitory projections to the striatal matrix.
This study identifies that the activation and overexpression of Trpc5 channels in estrogen receptor-expressing neurons within the medial preoptic area are critical for switching male mice from infanticide to paternal caregiving, while also modulating broader adaptive behaviors like escape and exploration.
This study demonstrates that human impulse control and motivation are not fixed traits but are dynamically regulated by the interaction between transient energy deficits (such as fasting) and sustained energy reserves (body fat), challenging traditional trait-based models of decision-making.
This study reveals that *Drosophila* core clock neurons (LNvs) directly regulate insulin-producing cells in the pars intercerebralis via volume transmission of the neuropeptides PDF and sNPF, despite the absence of direct synaptic connections, thereby establishing a novel mechanism for circadian clock output.
This multi-cohort longitudinal study reveals that cortical thickness, which declines more steeply with age, is a more sensitive marker of dynamic cognitive ageing processes, whereas cortical area remains relatively stable and primarily reflects trait-like cognitive ability.