1541 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
This study found that higher levels of self-regulation are associated with increased activity in the cholinergic substrates of the basal forebrain, suggesting that this system plays a key role in sustaining attention.
This study systematically evaluates the numerical variability of fMRI-derived graph measures using the fMRIPrep pipeline, finding that while variability is measurable and influenced by processing choices, it typically remains lower than population-level differences.
This study demonstrates that microglial reactivity (specifically HLA-DR and CD68) in the hippocampal CA2 subfield is specifically associated with neuronal -synuclein pathology and correlates with disease spread and cognitive impairment in Lewy body disease.
Using viral tracing in macaques, this study maps the topographic and layer-specific projections from the anterior cingulate cortex to the basal and accessory basal nuclei of the amygdala, providing an anatomical framework for understanding emotion regulation and mood disorders.
This paper demonstrates that while optimized linear decoders typically outperform naive population averaging, the presence of synaptic coarse-tuning—consistent with observed biological volatility—limits the performance of optimal decoders such that they saturate and become qualitatively similar to naive decoders, suggesting that neural computation may rely on a robust, low-dimensional manifold.
By analyzing single units in the marmoset auditory cortex, this study identifies a distinct excitatory cell type—narrow-spike burst-firing neurons—that challenges traditional classification assumptions and exhibits unique properties, including shorter response latencies, smaller receptive fields, and a positive correlation between spatial and non-spatial selectivity.
By integrating bulk and single-cell transcriptomics with network modeling in an Alzheimer's mouse model, this study reveals how regional amyloid pathology drives distinct yet convergent cell-type-specific immune networks and coordinated long noncoding RNA remodeling.
This study rigorously validates the Collins, Staircase, and Pawedness Trait Tests as consistent and reliable methods for assessing paw preference in Sprague Dawley rats, demonstrating that these assays yield comparable results regardless of age or sex.
This study demonstrates that single-cell RNA sequencing reveals significant cellular heterogeneity and off-target populations in RGC-enriched organoid cultures, proving that traditional marker-based assessments can inaccurately overestimate the purity of retinal ganglion cells.
This study demonstrates that individualized functional brain networks, including finer-scale subdivisions and emerging language lateralization, are established well before age five and show longitudinal stability, linking early network architecture to developing verbal abilities.