1795 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
This study establishes a new epigenetic framework demonstrating that brain aging reshapes, rather than dismantles, cell-type-specific regulatory logic by revealing that the relationship between DNA methylation, hydroxymethylation, and gene expression depends on modification type, genomic context, sequence specificity, and gene length.
This study computationally evaluated transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) montages for mindfulness experiments, identifying specific electrode configurations that successfully achieve regional electric-field separability and dose coverage while highlighting a critical trade-off between directional contrast and absolute dose consistency.
This study challenges the prevailing assumption that kilohertz-frequency stimulation alone is ineffective by demonstrating that it can drive widespread neuronal activation, while temporal interference specifically imposes focal rhythmic modulation through low-frequency amplitude modulation.
This study identifies Quinone reductase 2 (QR2) as a novel nuclear reader of the histone modification H3Q5ser that functions independently of H3K4me3 to drive essential transcriptional programs and neuronal maturation during human cortical development.
This study introduces a function-oriented framework comprising seven harmful and seven adaptive gene modules to quantify microglial transcriptional activity in Alzheimer's disease, enabling the resolution of specific post-activation mechanisms across brain regions and donors beyond traditional activation states.
This paper introduces a hierarchical recurrent neural network that, through path-integration training, successfully reproduces key neural representations, circuit motifs, and dynamic phenomena of the brain's limbic navigation system, offering a biologically interpretable framework for linking neural mechanisms to spatial behavior.
This study demonstrates that distinct early developmental trajectories, guided by specific semaphorin-family cues like Sema3a, organize the assembly of valence-specific circuits in the central amygdala, thereby linking molecular programs to appetitive and aversive behavioral functions.
This study demonstrates that both primates and artificial agents distribute memory across internal and embodied resources by utilizing eye movements to maintain beliefs about hidden goals when internal computation is constrained, revealing a convergent principle where memory allocation is determined by the relative reliability of these resources.
This study reveals that astrocytic-derived EETs suppress Alzheimer's disease neuroinflammation by enhancing microglial lysosomal acidification to degrade pSTING, thereby inhibiting the type I interferon pathway and promoting Aβ clearance, a mechanism that is disrupted by elevated astrocytic sEH.
This study demonstrates that semantic prediction error, operationalized as semantic update from a Sentence Gestalt model, uniquely predicts total word-fixation durations during naturalistic reading—particularly for content words—beyond the contributions of lexical surprisal and lower-level factors.