🧠 Category

neuroscience

1795 papers

Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.

At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.

Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.

🧠 neuroscience

Diminished ascending drive in transdiagnostic anhedonia shifts the cortico-subcortical hierarchy away from bottom-up dominance

This study reveals that transdiagnostic anhedonia is characterized by a reorganization of the cortico-subcortical hierarchy driven by a disproportionate weakening of ascending subcortical-to-cortical signals, which shifts the network balance from bottom-up dominance to a more balanced state and reinterprets prior findings of prefrontal over-recruitment as a consequence of diminished input rather than enhanced output.

Roghani, P., Vohryzek, J., Kringelbach, M. L., Deco, G.2026-10-19
🧠 neuroscience

Female microglia show heightened responses to aging and amyloid pathology in mice and humans

This study demonstrates that female microglia exhibit heightened responses to aging and amyloid pathology compared to males, revealing conserved sex-biased regulatory networks involving APP and neuroinflammation across mice and humans that underscore the critical need to incorporate biological sex into preclinical AD research.

Cox, J. E. J., Poljanska, E., Ray, S., Forsgren, M., Ko, S., Swiergiel, P., Wright, Z., Thomas, M. A., Freeman, W. M., D (…)2026-10-19
🧠 neuroscience

Artefact-free EEG during temporal interference stimulation reveals phase-specific modulation of the human visual cortex

This study demonstrates that using a specialized front-end analogue low-pass filter to eliminate kHz-induced artifacts enables artifact-free EEG recording during temporal interference stimulation, revealing that in-phase stimulation at the difference frequency specifically enhances visual cortex entrainment and improves behavioral performance.

Rhodes, E., Deegan, T., Alania, K., Borella, J., Sabathy, M., Capstick, M., Kuster, N., Howard, J., Bono, D., Grossman (…)2026-10-19
🧠 neuroscience

An area postrema GLP-1R to NTS pathway dissociates semaglutide-induced satiation, nausea and reduced food motivation from satiety

This study identifies a distinct brainstem pathway where semaglutide activates GLP-1R neurons in the area postrema to recruit downstream NTS neurons, which specifically mediate the drug's satiation, nausea, and reduced food motivation effects, while separate mechanisms preserve its satiety and bodyweight reduction benefits.

Jones, L., Cross, E., Song, Y., Claxton, P., Monaco, N., Yu, Y., Trapp, S., Adriaenssens, A., Brierley, D. I.2026-10-19
🧠 neuroscience

Distributed neural dynamics underlie the shift from movement preparation to execution

Using source-resolved MEG, this study reveals that the transition from movement preparation to execution is driven by a hierarchical spatiotemporal cascade originating in the hippocampus and propagating through premotor areas to M1, demonstrating that skilled memory-guided action relies on the integration of hippocampal memory systems with primary motor output rather than motor cortex activity alone.

Yin, Z., Liu, J. K., Kornysheva, K.2026-10-19
🧠 neuroscience

Can We Really See the World in Three Dimensions? An Exploratory Study with Finger Alignment Task and Ponzo Illusion

This exploratory study utilizing a finger alignment task and the Ponzo illusion reveals that while the brain compensates for the blind spot, human stereoscopic depth perception significantly diminishes beyond approximately 8 degrees of retinal eccentricity in the horizontal meridian, a limitation that remains imperceptible in daily life.

Mukherjee, A., Paul, A., Ghosh, K.2026-10-19
🧠 neuroscience

Cognitive cartography of mammalian brains using meta-analysis of AI experts

This study demonstrates that meta-analyzing frontier large language models can systematically synthesize fragmented neuroscientific literature to reveal novel structure-function mappings, validate them through causal manipulations, and uncover evolutionarily conserved molecular circuits for cognition across humans, macaques, and mice.

Luppi, A. I., Ali, H., Liu, Z.-Q. I., Milisav, F., Sala, A., Annen, J., Gozzi, A., Bzdok, D., Misic, B.2026-10-19