1665 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This study demonstrates that while Monte Carlo neutrino transport in neutron star mergers confirms thermalization in hot, dense regions, significant non-equilibrium deviations in moderately warm zones reveal that energy-averaged agreement with thermal assumptions is insufficient for accurately predicting weak interaction rates and composition evolution.
This paper demonstrates that incorporating Urca processes involving parity partners of nucleons and hyperons within a parity doublet model significantly improves the agreement between neutron star cooling simulations and observed surface temperatures and ages.
This study utilizes a covariant statistical fireball model to analyze Au+Au collisions at RHIC energies, revealing that longitudinal flow induces a kinematic degeneracy that artificially elevates kinetic freeze-out temperatures above the QCD crossover limit, thereby suggesting large longitudinal velocities are physically disfavored, while simultaneously identifying a net baryon density maximum below 11.5 GeV enhanced by dynamical flow.
This study investigates the deformation properties of the Ru isotopes using Covariant Density Functional Theory and a phenomenological Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian, revealing a shape phase transition, evidence of shape coexistence and mixing among various configurations, and explaining -band staggering through these mixing effects.
Using the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory, this study reveals that in well-deformed odd- Bk isotopes, oblate shapes yield larger charge radii than prolate ones due to a central proton density depression caused by the non-occupation of the orbital, thereby establishing a microscopic link between nuclear shape, single-particle occupancy, and nuclear size.
This study utilizes an improved multi-phase transport model to analyze Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC, finding that while anisotropic flow measurements can exclude large neutron skins in Pb, they exhibit a geometric degeneracy that limits their ability to precisely distinguish between zero and moderate neutron skin values.
This paper presents a physics-informed neural network approach to extract a universal small- dipole scattering amplitude directly from global DIS and photoproduction data without rigid parametric assumptions, successfully resolving the long-standing tension between total and charm cross-section channels while providing a smooth, non-negative input for Color Glass Condensate phenomenology.
This review traces the evolution of understanding s-process nucleosynthesis in low-mass AGB stars from early nuclear systematics to modern stellar modeling, highlighting how observational constraints necessitated a shift from the high-temperature Ne(,n)Mg neutron source to the low-temperature C(,n)O reaction as the primary mechanism for synthesizing elements between Sr and Pb.
This study demonstrates that E0 transition strengths and their ratios serve as powerful constraints for narrowing the parameter space of the Interacting Boson Model, a methodology validated through its application to even-even Xe isotopes.
Using fully microscopic time-dependent Hartree-Fock simulations, this study reveals that the quasifission dynamics in the reaction are governed by a complex interplay between collision geometry and incident energy, where specific energy windows can suppress shell effects to potentially enhance the fusion probability for synthesizing superheavy element 119.