1396 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This study computes net-proton number fluctuations across nine collision energies using a hydrodynamic model incorporating critical fluctuations from the functional renormalization group, revealing that while low-order cumulant ratios show minimal deviation from non-critical baselines, higher-order ratios like exhibit a distinct non-monotonic energy dependence driven by the critical end point.
This paper proposes a novel fusion device utilizing a rotating mirror with detached electrodes and all-directional pinch compressions to synergistically combine magnetic and inertial confinement methods, aiming to achieve the Lawson criterion and demonstrate the feasibility of controlled nuclear fusion through a simplified, high-efficiency approach.
This study investigates how hyperons and quark-hadron phase transitions affect neutron star structures within regularized four-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, concluding that while positive Gauss-Bonnet coupling constants allow for massive stars consistent with observational constraints, negative values fail to support the required maximum masses, thereby enabling astrophysical data to effectively constrain the theory's parameters.
This paper refines the theoretical upper bound on the central pressure-to-energy density ratio in neutron stars to approximately 0.385 by combining causality constraints with mass-sphere stability conditions within the IPAD-TOV framework, establishing a robust, EOS-insensitive probe for the microphysics of cold superdense matter.
This paper constructs a hybrid equation of state to investigate QCD matter under finite magnetic fields and nonzero chemical potential, revealing that these parameters significantly alter thermodynamic observables and the speed of sound, with the model successfully reproducing lattice QCD data at lower field strengths while underestimating magnitudes at higher fields.
This paper presents newly measured and revisited prompt fission neutron spectra for 233U, 235U, 239Pu, and 240Pu using double time-of-flight techniques, demonstrating that current evaluated data libraries are inadequate and highlighting the challenges in modeling these spectra across a wide range of incident neutron energies.
This paper investigates high-energy photon production in a quark-gluon plasma by deriving analytical expressions for both leading-logarithmic and beyond-leading-logarithmic contributions to the photon production rate using two-loop photon self-energies in thermal QCD, confirming consistency with kinetic theory calculations.
This paper argues that phenomena in high-energy nuclear collisions, previously attributed to quark-gluon plasma formation, are instead comprehensively explained by few-gluon interactions and multipole radiation without requiring a dense medium or hydrodynamic theory.
This paper presents a unified holographic QCD framework that resums even-spin gluonic exchanges, anchored by lattice QCD gravitational form factors, to accurately describe exclusive heavy quarkonium photoproduction across the full energy range from near-threshold to high energies while revealing the limitations of fixed-spin approximations for extracting gravitational form factors.
This paper derives analytic and approximate solutions for the energy-momentum tensor of classical gluon fields in the weak-field limit of heavy-ion collisions, demonstrating that the system's large-time behavior is universal across different gluon distribution models and providing explicit closed-form solutions for the McLerran-Venugopalan model and series expansions for an improved Gaussian model.