1634 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This paper evaluates non-negligible QED nuclear medium effects on various scattering processes at the future Electron-ion collider in China (EicC), presenting first-order opacity expansion calculations and the first computations for charged-current deep inelastic and polarized scattering across heavy and light nuclei to highlight their importance for extracting nucleon structure.
This paper demonstrates that the extraction of nuclear surface diffuseness from relativistic heavy ion collisions is fundamentally limited by strong geometric degeneracies between the surface parameter and intrinsic nuclear deformations, though multiparticle triangular correlations offer a more independent pathway to constrain these properties.
This paper analyzes net-proton cumulants in Au+Au collisions using finite-size scaling to identify a potential QCD critical point near MeV, but concludes that while the observed scaling patterns are consistent with criticality, they are not yet definitive evidence due to similar behaviors arising from non-critical dynamical simulations and experimental acceptance effects.
This paper derives finite-range coordinate-space potentials for massive spin-1 and spin-2 bosons with various couplings to Dirac fermions, including novel mixed tensor interactions, and maps these results onto the standard sixteen-potential basis to translate existing experimental limits into constraints on the corresponding coupling products.
This paper investigates meson gravitational D-form factors within the three-flavor linear sigma model to demonstrate how symmetry breaking, particularly the anomaly and flavor-dependent mass hierarchies, governs these form factors and provides sensitive probes of low-energy QCD structures.
Using transverse-momentum-dependent QCD factorization, this paper demonstrates that jet-induced anisotropy at the Electron-Ion Collider imposes a parity selection rule on polarized asymmetries, fundamentally altering the expected left-right and up-down symmetries of structure functions like the Sivers and worm-gear distributions across different harmonic orders.
This paper employs the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach combined with the Remler formalism to validate a consistent description of charmonium production in pp and pA collisions at SPS energies and provides theoretical predictions for yields and survival probabilities at FAIR energies, offering crucial guidance for mapping the QCD phase structure in baryon-rich matter.
This paper introduces NS-UNO, a flexible Neural Posterior Estimation framework that combines hierarchical DeepSets and conditional normalizing flows to infer the neutron star equation of state from an unconstrained number of mass-radius observations, demonstrating robust performance across varying dataset sizes, precisions, and equation-of-state families.
This paper presents an impact-parameter dependent perturbative QCD model based on the Color Glass Condensate framework, which successfully describes a wide range of combined HERA data at small- by incorporating an analytical solution to the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation and an exponential saturation momentum profile consistent with the Froissart theorem.
This paper advances a modified homotopy approach for solving the nonlinear evolution equation governing diffractive production in deep inelastic scattering by analytically solving a simplified version with initial and boundary conditions and then applying a perturbative procedure to estimate the remaining small nonlinear corrections.