1641 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
By applying state-of-the-art theoretical tools and empirically mitigating lattice artifacts to reanalyze existing large-momentum lattice QCD datasets, this study demonstrates that the proton's isovector parton distribution function is consistent with experimental global fits within approximately one standard deviation, validating the predictive capability of the large-momentum expansion approach.
This paper introduces full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) as a novel, accurate stochastic solver for nuclear structure calculations, demonstrating its capability to compute ground-state properties of light nuclei with sub-percent uncertainties and treat systems beyond the reach of conventional methods.
This paper utilizes a 3D + model to demonstrate that in ultrarelativistic O+O collisions at 5.36 TeV, event-by-event fluctuations in energy deposition drive the initial elliptical eccentricity and elliptic flow (), distinguishing their origin from that in heavy nucleus collisions while showing that a small set of fluctuation modes can accurately reproduce the joint probability distribution of these observables.
This paper presents a quantum algorithm utilizing Wilson fermions to simulate Generalized Parton Distributions in the Schwinger model, ensuring charge conjugation symmetry while demonstrating polynomial resource scaling and validating results through exact diagonalization.
This paper introduces an interpretable multitask deep-learning framework that analyzes transverse momentum distributions from ultra-peripheral collisions to simultaneously extract multiple nuclear-structure indicators, such as deformation and neutron skin, by disentangling diffraction and interference patterns in coherent photoproduction.
By jointly analyzing 20 quiescent X-ray observations from 2008 to 2025, this study constrains the neutron star in EXO 0748$-$676 to a mass of approximately and a radius of $12.62$ km, favoring stiff dense-matter equations of state while also providing evidence for renewed crust cooling following the 2024$-$2025 outburst.
This paper argues that the axial U(1) anomaly is not physical and proposes a mechanism wherein the eta and eta' mesons are identified as Nambu-Goldstone bosons, thereby resolving the U(1) problem.
This paper reviews the fundamentals and significance of flavor-diagonal hadronic CP violation in the search for new physics, summarizes recent progress in quantifying its contribution to observables like electric dipole moments and beta decay correlations, and discusses current approaches to solving the strong CP problem without introducing additional fields.
This paper utilizes Non-relativistic QCD within the Generalized Parton Distribution framework to calculate large relativistic corrections for exclusive near-threshold vector quarkonium photoproduction, revealing a breakdown of the GPD moment expansion for and the presence of endpoint divergences away from the threshold regime.
This paper establishes the strongest current constraints on millicharged particles with masses between 0.7 and 2 MeV by identifying overlooked -cascade sources in nuclear reactors and deriving new limits from electron recoil data, while also assessing sensitivity from solar production in low-threshold dark matter experiments.