1422 papers
Nuclear theory sits at the fascinating intersection of particle physics and the forces that hold our universe together. This field explores how protons and neutrons bind inside atomic nuclei, seeking to understand the fundamental interactions that govern matter at its most dense and energetic levels. While the mathematics involved can be incredibly complex, the core questions are deeply human: how does the universe function at its smallest scales, and what happens when we push matter to its limits?
At Gist.Science, we make these cutting-edge discoveries accessible by processing every new preprint published in this category on arXiv. Our team transforms dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical overviews, ensuring that both experts and curious readers can grasp the latest breakthroughs without getting lost in the jargon. Below are the latest papers in nuclear theory, distilled and ready for you to explore.
This paper proposes a novel detection scheme for QCD axions in the to eV mass range by utilizing piezoelectric materials to generate a significantly enhanced axion-mediated force that induces resonant nuclear spin precession in a nearby sample.
This paper presents a theoretical framework based on the unified electroweak theory and multipole expansion to analyze polarized electron scattering from light nuclei (Li and Be), revealing that while longitudinal polarization and weak interaction are uncorrelated at zero-degree scattering, a strong correlation emerges at other angles for electron energies exceeding 10 GeV, thereby providing deeper insights into nuclear structure and the role of electron polarization.
This paper demonstrates that at higher temperatures, chiral plasma instability can generate strong magnetic fields even with small initial chiral imbalances, and reveals a novel mechanism where the chiral magnetic effect driven by density fluctuations causes significant Joule heating, potentially playing a critical role in the dynamics of supernovae and neutron star mergers.
This paper demonstrates that high-quality internucleon forces derived from chiral effective field theory exhibit a dominant Wigner's supermultiplet symmetry in light nuclei, a finding that enables the reduction of complex many-body bases in *ab initio* calculations by concentrating wave functions into a few key symmetry-adapted configurations.
Using an extended isospin- and momentum-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, this study demonstrates that incorporating momentum dependence in the nuclear mean field is essential for accurately reproducing STAR experimental data on proton, kaon, and production in Au+Au collisions at GeV, whereas momentum-independent models only partially describe the results.
This paper derives analytical evolution equations for two- and three-point velocity correlators in a boost-invariant relativistic fluid using effective field theory, demonstrating that the Landau frame is optimal for studying non-Gaussian fluctuations and revealing that three-point correlations exhibit nonlinear memory effects dependent on two-point dynamics, which are crucial for the search for the QCD critical point.
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of chiral symmetry and its restoration in QCD, covering fundamental theoretical concepts like spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Nambu-Goldstone theorem, exploring various effective models such as the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio and linear models, and discussing experimental signatures and implications for the equation of state in nuclear and neutron-star matter.
This paper presents the first calculation of next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD radiative corrections for deeply virtual pion production, demonstrating that these two-loop corrections substantially improve the agreement between perturbative QCD predictions and experimental data from JLab while also refining theoretical descriptions of transverse single-spin asymmetries for future facilities like the EIC and EicC.
This article presents a vision for the emerging era of rare isotope beam science, emphasizing the critical integration of theoretical, computational, and experimental advances to explore exotic nuclei near drip lines and their connections to nuclear astrophysics.
This paper proposes using time modulation in weak nuclear decays as a probe for axion dark matter, deriving a theoretical framework to predict such variations, constraining axion parameters using existing Gran Sasso data on K and Cs, and suggesting a new electron capture measurement to extend sensitivity to higher axion masses.