Subjective Well-Being and Worldviews Associated with Reporting Instability in Gender: An Exploratory Study Using Japanese Panel Data
Using incidental Japanese panel data, this exploratory study finds that individuals whose self-reported gender changed across survey waves (a measure of reporting instability rather than identity) exhibit significantly lower subjective well-being, social trust, and career autonomy, alongside a reduced endorsement of both traditional norms and women's empowerment policies.