126 papers
This collection explores the fundamental physics concepts that govern how matter and energy interact across the universe. From the invisible forces shaping our daily lives to the complex mechanics driving cosmic phenomena, these studies reveal the underlying rules of reality. Here, we translate cutting-edge research into insights anyone can understand, bridging the gap between abstract theory and tangible discovery.
Every new preprint in this category originates from arXiv, where researchers first share their latest findings with the global community. At Gist.Science, we process each of these submissions to provide both detailed technical summaries and clear, plain-language explanations. This dual approach ensures that whether you are a seasoned physicist or a curious learner, you can grasp the significance of every breakthrough without getting lost in dense equations.
Below are the latest papers in Class-Ph, freshly processed and ready for you to explore.
This paper resolves the apparent contradiction between the nonzero residual entropy of glasses and the third law of thermodynamics by redefining equilibrium states through atomic positions, demonstrating that residual entropy arises from evaluating the system on an extended space of frozen configurations while the entropy of the single thermally active configuration strictly vanishes at absolute zero.
This paper provides a theoretical description of the jump phenomenon in a general eccentric cylinder rolling on a ramp, demonstrating that while normal and frictional forces vanish at the jump point, a jump without slipping is possible only if specific dynamic parameters fall within a restricted region.
This paper presents a novel, simplified analytical framework for deriving accurate approximate formulas for energy decay in damped harmonic oscillators under Coulomb, Stokes, and Newton damping, while also offering an exact solution for Stokes damping that bypasses standard differential equation methods, making the approach suitable for undergraduate and advanced high school physics education.
This paper proposes and substantiates a conjecture that the infinite symmetries of integrable systems are linear combinations of translation symmetries associated with the free parameters of multi-wave solutions, suggesting that undiscovered symmetries exist and that a unified hierarchical framework for classical, supersymmetric, and ren-symmetric integrable systems can be established using ren-variables.
This paper presents a compact, dual-slot on-chip antenna operating at 290 GHz that achieves a maximum efficiency of 42% and a 39% impedance bandwidth on a low-resistivity silicon substrate, making it suitable for sub-terahertz transceivers and radar applications.
This paper introduces a novel symmetry decomposition approach to derive "Painlevé solitons" for the AKNS system and NLS equations, revealing that a specific combination of scaling, Galilean, and square eigenfunction symmetries generates new classes of irrational algebraic, rational algebraic, and parabolic cylindrical function solitons that generalize elliptic solitons.
This paper re-examines the integral form of Gauss' law for arbitrarily moving charges and a time-dependent, deforming Gaussian surface, deriving a specific evolution equation for the electric flux and demonstrating that while the flux depends on the surface's expansion or contraction, it remains independent of its deformation.
This paper investigates the bifurcation of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds (NHIMs) and the resulting transition to transient chaos in a three-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian model of a particle moving within an asymmetric binary dwarf galaxy system.
This paper proposes that the formation of organized cosmic structures, such as stars and galaxies, is driven by the Second Law of Thermodynamics, as these systems evolve along specific sequences to maximize global entropy production through the efficient dissipation of energy via photon emission.
This paper demonstrates how non-Hermitian, -symmetric elastic lattices with time-modulated non-local interactions can engineer dispersion properties to achieve advanced wave guidance functionalities, such as perfect trapping and the "wave boomerang" effect.