465 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents the design, architecture, and successful validation of the continuous, triggerless data acquisition system for the DarkSide-20k dark matter experiment, which utilizes custom FPGA firmware and a distributed processing farm to achieve high-efficiency, background-free WIMP searches with unprecedented sensitivity.
This paper presents improvements to the Cosmic Explorer Location Search (CELS) code and the integration of astrophysical requirements to evaluate and identify promising sites in the United States for the 40km Cosmic Explorer gravitational-wave observatory, focusing on minimizing construction costs related to geology, geography, and topography.
The paper proposes the ITACA apparatus, which enhances gas xenon time projection chambers for neutrinoless double-beta decay searches by introducing trace ammonia to create slow-drifting ammonium ions, enabling high-resolution ion-track imaging that complements electron tracking to significantly improve background rejection through superior topological discrimination.
This paper presents a new angular-resolved reflectance measurement system operating in a gaseous argon atmosphere that characterizes aluminum and stainless steel materials relevant to DUNE, revealing significantly lower vacuum ultraviolet reflectance (10–15%) compared to UV-VIS values and providing critical data for optimizing future noble gas detector simulations.
The paper introduces JetPrism, a configurable Conditional Flow Matching framework that addresses the misleading nature of standard training losses in nuclear physics simulations by establishing a multi-metric evaluation protocol to ensure generative models achieve true physical fidelity and convergence beyond generic loss indicators.
This paper demonstrates that a fully depleted, 725 m thick p-channel SiSeRO CCD achieves sub-electron noise performance and efficient charge collection across a broad X-ray energy range (up to 59.5 keV), enabling high-resolution spectroscopy for both faint and high-energy signals.
Using cosmic ray muons in the gadolinium-loaded Super-Kamiokande detector, this study presents the first threshold-free measurement of neutron multiplicity in muon capture on oxygen nuclei, determining the probabilities for emitting zero to three neutrons with a detection efficiency of approximately 50%.
This paper investigates a directional geoneutrino detection method using a Cherenkov liquid scintillator to identify Potassium-40 neutrinos and image the Earth's large-scale internal structures, demonstrating that an exposure of 2.8 kiloton-years is sufficient for a 3-sigma discovery of potassium neutrinos and 10.6 kiloton-years to reject a uniform geoneutrino distribution.
This paper presents a comprehensive, web-enabled data acquisition system based on the MIDAS framework for gaseous detectors, which has been successfully deployed and validated in the PandaX-III experiment to support real-time monitoring and a unified workflow from data acquisition to offline analysis.
This paper introduces a generalizable foundation model for calorimetry that leverages next-token transformer architectures combined with Mixture-of-Experts pre-training and parameter-efficient fine-tuning to enable modular, scalable, and computationally efficient simulation of particle showers across diverse materials and detector configurations without catastrophic forgetting.