465 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents a novel method using a laser displacement sensor within a cryostat to directly and precisely measure the cryogenic stroke of piezoelectric actuators intended for the ILC prototype cryomodule's cavity frequency tuners, overcoming the limitations of indirect characterization techniques.
This paper proposes and validates a computational microwave imaging system that utilizes orbital angular momentum (OAM) waves generated by 3D-printed transmitarrays to significantly enhance measurement diversity, thereby enabling high-quality image reconstruction of complex targets with only one-eighth of the bandwidth required by traditional frequency-diverse systems.
This paper proposes and evaluates a feasibility study for verifying compliance with the Outer Space Treaty's ban on nuclear weapons in space by using a 9U CubeSat to detect neutrons induced by cosmic protons interacting with a potential thermonuclear device, demonstrating the ability to identify such a weapon from 4 km away within a week.
This paper outlines a comprehensive testbed and verification methodology designed to evaluate and compare the performance of a preliminary Raspberry Pi-based MOPS-Hub Mock-up against the final production FPGA-based MOPS-Hub, ensuring the latter meets the stringent latency, jitter, and data integrity requirements for the ATLAS ITk Detector Control System.
This paper summarizes the implementation and performance of new machine-learning-based algorithms in the CMS high-level trigger for identifying hadronically decaying tau leptons, utilizing proton-proton collision data at 13.6 TeV collected during 2022–2023.
Using the MIMAC-35 cm detector, researchers successfully measured and identified 51 thermal neutron capture events in hydrogen by discriminating 1.3 keV deuteron tracks from a background of over 11 million events, demonstrating the detector's capability to search for low-energy rare events without shielding.
This paper presents a conceptual design for the ITACA detector, a 1-tonne high-pressure xenon gas TPC that utilizes a novel Magnetically Actuated Rotor System (MARS) and Topmetal CMOS ASICs to image both electron and ion tracks, thereby enhancing topological discrimination to achieve a neutrinoless double beta decay sensitivity exceeding years.
This paper proposes a novel perfect crystal neutron loop cavity that coherently recirculates neutrons via repeated Bragg reflections to achieve confinement times on the order of seconds, thereby enabling a tenfold improvement in sensitivity for measuring Schwinger interactions and facilitating high-precision searches for the neutron electric dipole moment and other fundamental quantum tests.
This paper details the successful production, cryogenic testing, and high yield (exceeding 87%) of the silicon photomultiplier-based "Veto Tiles" designed to instrument the Inner Veto volume of the DarkSide-20k experiment for discriminating background radiation in direct dark matter searches.
This paper derives and validates a comprehensive analytical model for photomultiplier single photoelectron responses that replaces ad hoc noise descriptions with a physically grounded function accounting for electron back-scattering at the first dynode, alongside analytical descriptions for fully amplified peaks and low-charge signals.