465 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents an unsupervised, reconstruction-based anomaly detection method using a pedestal-trained convolutional autoencoder to efficiently extract Regions of Interest from CYGNO optical TPC images, achieving high signal retention and significant data reduction with low inference latency on consumer hardware.
The CHRONOS paper proposes a novel ground-based cryogenic torsion-bar detector utilizing a Sagnac speed-meter readout to overcome seismic and quantum noise limitations, thereby enabling sub-Hz gravitational-wave observations of intermediate-mass black holes and stochastic backgrounds in the currently unexplored frequency band between space-based and ground-based interferometers.
This paper introduces a multispectral framework that decomposes Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) strain-rate data into frequency-band energy images to enable physically interpretable visualization and feature extraction, which significantly improves automated whale vocalization detection and clustering performance.
This paper presents flexible, single-photon sensitive optoelectronic fibres integrated with silicon photomultipliers and tungsten-merino wool braiding, enabling the machine-weaving of large-area, conformal textile fabrics capable of real-time, high-spatial-resolution gamma radiation dosimetry.
This paper presents the noise budget analysis and performance evaluation of CHRONOS, a proposed cryogenic sub-Hz gravitational-wave detector utilizing a cross torsion-bar configuration and quantum speed meter readout, demonstrating its potential to achieve competitive low-frequency sensitivity while also enabling faster earthquake early warnings through prompt gravity-gradient detection.
This paper presents a fast, data-driven parametric simulation tool for pixel sensors that bypasses the need for proprietary manufacturing details by using measurement inputs, demonstrating its efficiency and validation on the MALTA2 sensor to guide performance optimizations for the upcoming MALTA3 redesign.
This paper presents a reactor-based search for axion-like particles using a low-background CsI(Tl) detector, demonstrating the potential to probe previously unexplored parameter spaces for ALP masses between 1 keV and 10 MeV, including the cosmological triangle.
This paper presents a comprehensive prediction of particle-induced backgrounds for the NUCLEUS experiment at the Chooz nuclear power plant, demonstrating through environmental measurements and Geant4 simulations that the setup achieves sufficient background rejection to enable the detection of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with a signal-to-background ratio greater than one in the sub-keV energy range.
This paper investigates a discrete-time quantum walk where a detector is periodically removed and randomly relocated, revealing that while both unrestricted (Model 1) and restricted (Model 2) relocation schemes mimic a semi-infinite walk for long intervals, they exhibit distinct spreading behaviors and quantum-enhanced occupation probability ratios in the rapid-relocation regime.
This paper demonstrates that while GS20 is a proven portable neutron detector, CLYC detectors are superior for neutron resonance transmission analysis in high gamma-radiation environments typical of thorium-based safeguards due to their strong pulse-shape discrimination capabilities, which yield significantly more precise measurements despite longer decay times.