465 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper demonstrates a novel "tuning-by-opening" mechanism for a NbSn superconducting microwave cavity that achieves continuous frequency tuning exceeding 1 GHz while maintaining a high quality factor suitable for dark matter searches, all without inserting elements into the resonant volume.
This study presents a systematic, FEMM-based design and optimization methodology for unified Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) sensors and Voice Coil (VC) actuators that enhances performance and minimizes heat dissipation under strict geometric and thermal constraints for high-precision applications like gravitational wave detectors, with results validated by experimental measurements.
This paper presents the first results of the CASSIA sensor, a novel monolithic active pixel sensor fabricated in 180 nm CMOS technology that utilizes fully integrated internal gain layers to achieve signal amplification, enabling operation in both low-gain proportional and high-gain single-photon avalanche modes for improved timing resolution and pile-up mitigation in high-luminosity particle physics experiments.
To support the ALICE Time Projection Chamber's continuous readout mode during LHC Run 3, the authors present a custom, large-scale FPGA-based pipeline that performs real-time signal processing—including common-mode correction, pedestal subtraction, and ion-tail filtering—to reduce raw data rates from over 3 TB/s to approximately 900 GB/s under extreme high-occupancy conditions.
This paper introduces TRec, a physics-informed muon scattering tomography framework that significantly enhances the detection of missing fuel in sealed microreactor cores by reconstructing curved muon trajectories and incorporating momentum measurements, thereby outperforming conventional methods like PoCA in both sensitivity and speed under realistic cosmic-ray conditions.
This study evaluates activation foils and capsule materials for fusion neutron yield measurements, demonstrating that aluminum and copper foils are suitable for multi-foil configurations, 3D-printed thermoplastic capsules introduce negligible measurement bias despite slight count reductions, and lanthanum-based detectors offer a viable alternative to high-purity germanium spectrometers.
This paper presents a validated experimental and simulation framework that demonstrates the high linearity and precision of a combined LVDT position sensor and voice-coil actuator, confirming its suitability for low-frequency suspension control in gravitational wave detectors.
This paper demonstrates a high-efficiency superconducting on-chip filterbank for sub-millimeter integral field units using directional filters, achieving an average peak coupling efficiency of 75% across the 125–220 GHz range.
This paper reports recent advancements in GasPM technology aimed at mitigating photon-feedback-induced time-resolution degradation through improved beam tests with a high-speed digitizer and exploring the robustness of LaB photocathodes for future detector upgrades.
This paper describes the design and construction of the BUTTON-30, a 30-tonne hybrid detector installed 1.1 km underground at the Boulby Laboratory to evaluate the potential of simultaneous Cherenkov and scintillation light detection for neutrino interactions in a low-background environment.