607 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents the first experimental demonstration of a directional dark-field setup for nanoscale full-field transmission X-ray microscopy, enabling the orientation mapping of anisotropic nanostructures below the spatial resolution limit and facilitating quantitative structural characterization in fields ranging from biomineralization to advanced materials.
This paper proposes a novel high-density free-neutron target system, integrating a supercompact cyclotron with advanced moderation and cryogenic technologies, to enable high-luminosity neutron capture measurements on short-lived radioactive ions in storage rings for nuclear astrophysics research.
This paper presents an energy-core-based photon reconstruction method utilizing the Hough transform, which achieves near-perfect efficiency and separation for high-energy photons in dense environments, as validated by simulations of the CEPC crystal electromagnetic calorimeter.
The paper proposes CHRONOS, a next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave detector utilizing a ring-cavity Sagnac interferometer with torsion-bar test masses and quantum nondemolition speed-meter readout to achieve unprecedented sensitivity in the unexplored 0.1–10 Hz band, thereby enabling the detection of intermediate-mass black hole binaries, probing the stochastic gravitational-wave background, and performing quantum-limited geophysical observations.
This paper details the design, mass production, and acceptance testing of the high-voltage dividers, waterproof cables, and connectors for the over 25,600 3-inch photomultiplier tubes used in the JUNO central detector.
This paper presents electrical characterization results, specifically focusing on leakage current behavior and temperature dependence, for 8-inch silicon sensors irradiated with high-fluence neutrons up to to support the development of the CMS High-Granularity Calorimeter for the HL-LHC upgrade.
This paper presents and validates a novel three-dimensional pulse shape simulation method for the reduced charge collection layer in p-type high-purity germanium detectors, implemented in the open-source package SolidStateDetectors.jl, to enable the identification and vetoing of critical surface background events in rare physics experiments.
This study demonstrates that Analog Pixel Test Structures fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology, utilizing both DC- and AC-coupled designs, maintain high detection efficiency and sub-70 ps time resolution even after exposure to radiation levels up to 10^15 NIEL, confirming their suitability for future high-energy physics tracking systems.
This paper reports the successful adaptation of an industrial physical vapor deposition process, originally developed for OLED manufacturing, to produce scalable, uniform, and high-quality *p*-terphenyl wavelength-shifting films on large-area inorganic substrates for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment's photon detection system.
This paper presents a conceptual design and simulation study of a novel high-granularity crystal electromagnetic calorimeter using orthogonally arranged scintillating bars and SiPMs, demonstrating an energy resolution of that significantly exceeds the requirements for precision measurements at future Higgs factories.